Relevance and antimicrobial resistance profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae in neonatal sepsis

Figures & data

Table 1. Gene loci and primer sequence.

Gene loci	Primer sequence	Annealing temperature
SHV	F: CCGGGTTATTCTTATTTGTCGCT	56
	R: TAGCGTTGCCAGTGCTCG
TEM	F: ATAAAATTCTTGAAGACGAAA	55
	R: GACAGTTAGCAATGCTTAATCA
CTX-M-1	F: AAAAATCACTGCGCCAGTTC	52
	R: AGCTTATTCATCGCCACGTT
CTX-M-2	F: ATGATGACTCAGAGCATTCG	65
	R: TCCCGACGGCTTTCCGCCTT
CTX-M-9	F: AAAAATGATTGAAAGGTGGT	56
	R: GTGAAGAAGGTGTTGCTGAC

Table 2. Comparison of clinical characteristics between KP and non-KP group.

General		KP group(n = 49)			Non KP group (n = 26)
		Number of cases	proportion(%)	Number of cases	proportion(%)	P
Sex	Male	27	55.1	8	30.8	0.044
	Female	22	44.9	18	69.2
Delivery method	Vaginal delivery	17	34.7	9	34.6	0.995
	Cesarean section	32	65.3	17	65.4
Gestational age	Premature baby	49	100	24	92.3	0.117
	Full-term child	0	0	2	7.7
	Average gestational age(d)	30.4	/	30.8	/	0.613
	standard deviation	2.6	/	3.7	/
Birth weight	Low birth weight	45	91.8	25	96.2	0.653
	Non-low birth weight	4	8.2	1	3.8
	Average weight(g)	1464	/	1487	/	0.866
	standard deviation	532.9	/	601.6	/
Onset time	Early onset	3	6.1	5	19.2	0.117
	Late onset	46	93.9	21	80.8
	Mean time of onset(d)	47.7	/	45.7	/	0.738
	standard deviation	22.1	/	29.4	/
Venous catheter	with	49	100	26	100	1.000
	none	0	0	0	0
Respiratory support	Invasive	30	61.2	16	61.5	0.979
	Noninvasive	19	38.8	10	38.5
Exposure to antibiotics		35	71.4	10	38.5	0.037
	Carbapenems	2	4.1	1	3.8
	Cephalosporins	25	51.0	6	23.0
	Penicillins	8	16.3	3	11.5
outcome	cure	49	100	23	88.5	0.039
	death	0	0	3	11.5

Table 3. Comparison of test indexes between KP and non-KP enterobacteriaceae groups.

Inspection index	KP group(n = 49)		Non KP group (n = 26)
	Number of cases	proportion(%)	Number of cases	proportion(%)	P
Increased white blood cell count	31	63.3	14	53.8	0.428
Decreased white blood cell count	4	8.2	2	7.7	1.000
Reduced platelet count	35	71.4	6	23.1	0.000
Elevated pro calcitonin	35	71.4	9	34.6	0.002
CRP rise	41	83.7	12	46.1	0.001

Table 4. Analysis of bacterial resistance in two groups.

Drug name	Drug resistance rate of KP group(%)	Drug resistance rate of non-KP group(%)	X^2	P
ESBL	77.8	0	40.87	0.000
Ampicillin	100	100	/	NA
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid	14.3	0	/	0.088
Cefoperazone/sulbactam	14.3	0	/	0.088
Ceftazidime/Avibactam	0	0	/	NA
Ampicillin/sulbactam	77.3	44.4	9.32	0.002
Piperacillin/tazobactam	8.3	0	/	0.291
Cefazolin	77.3	56.2	3.23	0.072
Cefuroxime	78.6	0	36.74	0.000
Ceftazidime	75	18.8	21.84	0.000
Cefatriaxone	77.8	31.2	15.68	0.000
Cefotaxime	78.6	0	36.74	0.000
Cefepime	69.4	0	/	0.000
Cefotetan	0	12.5	/	0.039
Cefoxitin	7.1	0	1.66	0.198
Aztreonam	77.3	18.8	23.62	0.000
Otapenem	2.8	0	/	1.000
Imipenem	0	0	/	NA
Meropenem	0	0	/	NA
Amikacin	0	6.2	/	0.117
Gentamicin	0	25	/	0.000
Tobramycin	0	12.5	/	0.039
Ciprofloxacin	86.4	31.2	23.08	0.000
Levofloxacin	55.6	31.2	4.04	0.044
Compound sulfamethoxazole	69.4	43.8	5.19	0.023
Fosfomycin	0	0	/	NA
Polymyxin B	0	0	/	NA
Furantoin	95.5	25	40.11	0.000
Tegacyclin	0	0	/	NA

Table 5. Resistance genotypes of ESBLs -producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Gene loci	Number of cases(n = 38)	proportion(%)
SHV	23	60.6
TEM	11	28.9
CTX-M-1	1	2.6
CTX-M-2	1	2.6
CTX-M-9	2	5.3

Data availability statement

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.