https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7665-050X
Figures & data
Table 1. Acronyms and abbreviations.
Figure 1. Box-and-whiskers plot of nonsense syllable repetition score for voiced consonants (NSRS-Cvoi), nonsense syllable repetition score for unvoiced consonants (NSRS-Cunvoi), nonsense syllable repetition score for vowels (NSRS-V) and HIST (real-word) monosyllable score, for CI users (N = 28), and listeners with NH (N = 20). The length of the whiskers represents the first and fourth quartile of the data, except for the outliers, which are represented by circles if the data lie between 1.5 and 3.0 times the whiskers from the median and squares if the data lie more than 3.0 times the whiskers from the median. HIST monosyllable score was not obtained from the listeners with NH due to expected ceiling effect.
Figure 2. Percentages of correct consonant repetitions and five types of consonant confusions for the CI users (N = 28).
The upper bar describes the complete material of consonant confusions, and the eight bars below the horizontal line describe subsets of the material. The units on the horizontal axis are the percentage scores of correct and incorrect repetitions.
The bars with a horizontal pattern visualise correct repetitions.
Type 1 is confusion between consonants with the same manner and the same voicing.
Type 2 is confusion between consonants with the same manner and opposite voicing.
Type 3 is confusion between consonants with a different manner and opposite voicing.
Type 4 is confusion between consonants with a different manner and the same voicing.
Type 5 is unclassified confusions (a collective category encompassing consonant clusters and speech sound responses not included in the tests).
Table 2. Confusion matrix for participants with CIs (N = 28); consonants in the aCa, iCi and uCu contexts added together.
Table 3. Confusion matrix of vowel repetitions in the bVb context for participants with CIs (N = 28).
Table 4. M, Md and SD of the study variables for the participants with CIs (N = 28).
Table 5. Comparisons of the medians for the participants with CIs (N = 28).