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Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology Volume 73, 2021 - Issue 1
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Research Article

Temperature inversions in China derived from sounding data from 1976 to 2015

Tingting Xu1 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China;2 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
,
Bing Liu3 China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing, China
,
Minsi Zhang4 National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation, Beijing, China
,
Yu Song2 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing, ChinaCorrespondence[email protected]
,
Ling Kang2 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
,
Tiantian Wang2 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
,
Mingxu Liu2 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
,
Xuhui Cai2 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
,
Hongsheng Zhang5 Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
&
Tong Zhu2 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
 show all
Pages 1-18 | Received 18 Nov 2018, Accepted 21 Feb 2021, Published online: 16 Mar 2021

Figures & data

Fig. 1. Spatial distribution of 82 national meteorological stations in China (red solid circle).

Fig. 1. Spatial distribution of 82 national meteorological stations in China (red solid circle).

Table 1. Inversion depth in summer and winter at six stations.

Fig. 2. Annual relative frequencies of total inversion (FTI), surface-based temperature inversion (FSI), elevated temperature inversion (FEI) and both surface-based and elevated temperature inversion (FSEI) from 1976 to 2015.

Fig. 2. Annual relative frequencies of total inversion (FTI), surface-based temperature inversion (FSI), elevated temperature inversion (FEI) and both surface-based and elevated temperature inversion (FSEI) from 1976 to 2015.

Fig. 3. Annual inversion strength from 1976 to 2015 at six stations.

Fig. 3. Annual inversion strength from 1976 to 2015 at six stations.

Fig. 4. Annual inversion depth from 1976 to 2015 at six stations.

Fig. 4. Annual inversion depth from 1976 to 2015 at six stations.

Fig. 5. Seasonal inversion strength in every year in Beijing ((a) for spring, (b) for summer, (c) for autumn and (d) for winter).

Fig. 5. Seasonal inversion strength in every year in Beijing ((a) for spring, (b) for summer, (c) for autumn and (d) for winter).

Fig. 6. Monthly FTI, FSI, FEI and FSEI at six stations.

Fig. 6. Monthly FTI, FSI, FEI and FSEI at six stations.

Fig. 7. Monthly inversion strength at six stations.

Fig. 7. Monthly inversion strength at six stations.

Fig. 8. Monthly inversion depth at six stations.

Fig. 8. Monthly inversion depth at six stations.

Fig. 9. Spatial variation of FTI (a), FSI (b), FEI (c) and FSEI (d).

Fig. 9. Spatial variation of FTI (a), FSI (b), FEI (c) and FSEI (d).

Fig. 10. Spatial variation of SI strength (a) and SEIs strength (b).

Fig. 10. Spatial variation of SI strength (a) and SEIs strength (b).

Fig. 11. Spatial variation of EI strength (a) and SEIe strength (b).

Fig. 11. Spatial variation of EI strength (a) and SEIe strength (b).

Fig. 12. Spatial variation of SI depth (a) and SEIs depth (b).

Fig. 12. Spatial variation of SI depth (a) and SEIs depth (b).

Fig. 13. Spatial variation of EI depth (a) and SEIe depth (b).

Fig. 13. Spatial variation of EI depth (a) and SEIe depth (b).

Fig. 14. Frequency of different inversion strengths at six stations, in 1 °C intervals.

Fig. 14. Frequency of different inversion strengths at six stations, in 1 °C intervals.

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