Intraarticular lesions in traumatic anterior shoulder instability: A study based on the results of diagnostic imaging

Figures & data

Figure 1. Objective evaluation of the glenohumeral ligament. The tension of the anterior inferior glenohumeral ligament (AIGHL) and medial glenohumeral ligament was evaluated from the internal rotation position to the neutral position of the shoulder. Type III and type IV indicate loosening of the AIGHL. The hollows in the arthrography suggest the tension of the glenohumeral ligament.

Figure 2. Evaluation of the site of attachment of the joint capsule: The joint capsule is attached to the glenoid labrum, as shown in type 1, in the normal condition. Three types have been described according to the degree of detachment of the joint capsule.

Figure 3. MRA, oblique sagittal section (with visualization of the AIGHL).

Table 1.  Correlations between the frequency of dislocation and the presence of various intraarticular lesions

	n	Intraarticular lesions (see below)
		A	B	C	D	E
Group A	10	6	2.9 (1–5)	3.5 (2–5)	6	8
Group B	11	5	4.6 (0–10)	3.5 (2–5)	5	8
Group C	9	8	5.9 (0–10)	3.1 (2–4)	2	2

A Presence of Hill-Sachs lesion (cases)

B Distance of the detached anterior part of the joint capsule (mm)

C Extent of Bankart lesion (hours)

D Presence of bony Bankart lesion (cases)

E Presence of AIGHL (cases)

Table 2.  Statistical analysis of data between the groups

Statistical analysis	Intraarticular lesions (see Table 1)
	A^a	B^b	C^b	D^a	E^a
Group A versus group C	0.2	0.04	0.2	0.1	0.02
Group B versus group C	0.9	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.2

^a Fisher's exact probability test

^b Welch's t-test