Managing disrupted supply chains in Swedish hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic

Figures & data

Table 1. Questionnaire items.

Item	Statement
1	We had a shortage of protective equipment during the first wave.
2	We used more secure protective equipment than recommended during the first wave.
3	We used less secure protective equipment than recommended during the first wave.
4	We had a shortage of consumables such as sampling swabs, breathing circuits, etc. during the first wave.
5	We had a shortage of technical equipment during the first wave
6	We had a shortage of pharmaceuticals for COVID-19 treatment during the first wave.
7	We had a shortage of protective equipment during later waves.
8	We used more secure protective equipment than recommended during later waves.
9	We used less secure protective equipment than recommended during later waves.
10	We had a shortage of consumables, such as sampling swabs, breathing circuits, etc. during later waves.
11	We had a shortage of technical equipment during later waves.
12	We had a shortage of pharmaceuticals for COVID-19 treatment during later waves.
13	I am satisfied with the way the hospital managed the supplies and equipment during the first wave.
14	I am satisfied with the way the hospital managed the supplies and equipment during later waves.

Table 2. Descriptive statistics and pairwise comparisons (the items are described in Table 1).

	ICU				Other units				ICU vs. other units
Item	Mean	S.D.	n	p	Mean	S.D.	n	p	p
1	3.68	1.24	85	<0.001	3.34	1.43	181	<0.001	0.056
7	1.57	0.83	86		1.48	0.84	179		0.419
2	2.80	1.51	84	0.003	2.73	1.41	180	<0.001	0.737
8	2.16	1.24	85		2.10	1.21	178		0.693
3	1.26	0.71	84	0.019	1.56	1.14	179	<0.001	0.026
9	1.06	0.29	82		1.13	0.48	178		0.231
4	3.61	1.26	83	<0.001	3.05	1.27	168	<0.001	0.001
10	1.98	0.94	84		1.79	0.93	165		0.146
5	3.12	1.52	84	<0.001	2.42	1.30	170	<0.001	<0.001
11	1.65	0.81	84		1.53	0.80	167		0.235
6	3.35	1.29	80	<0.001	2.05	1.21	144	<0.001	<0.001
12	1.63	0.75	79		1.52	0.83	145		0.303
13	3.08	1.36	85	<0.001	3.39	1.25	179	<0.001	0.069
14	4.12	0.96	84		4.34	0.88	178		0.071

Table 3. Regression analyses results regarding managers’ satisfaction with the way their hospital managed supplies and equipment tThe items are described in Table 1).

	First wave						Later waves
	ICU			Other units			ICU			Other units
Item	B	S.E.	p	B	S.E.	p	B	S.E.	p	B	S.E.	p
(Constant)	4.420	0.459	<0.001	4.542	0.243	<0.001	5.038	0.240	<0.001	5.503	0.204	<.001
1	−0.366	0.118	0.003	−0.191	0.072	0.009
3				−0.331	0.094	<0.001
7										−0.240	0.098	0.015
9										−0.263	0.141	0.063
10										−0.282	0.087	0.002
12							−0.582	0.132	<0.001
F	9.664			15.798			19.360			15.494
p	0.003			<0.001			<0.001			<0.001
R^2	0.116			0.191			0.214			0.260

Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article [and/or] its supplementary materials.