Experiences with rotavirus vaccines: can we improve rotavirus vaccine impact in developing countries?

Figures & data

Figure 1. Global introduction of rotavirus vaccines

http://view-hub.org/viz/#

Table 1. Vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization or hospitalization and emergency department attendance rotavirus gastroenteritis in low income and low-middle income settings

			VE (95% CI)
Country	vaccine	outcome	<12mo	>12mo
Armenia	Rix	hospital	68 (24,86)	60 (20,80)
Bolivia	Rix	hospital	64 (34,80)	72 (52,86)
Bolivia	Rix	hospital	76 (50,89)	47 (0,70)
Botswana	Rix	hospital	52 (8,75)	67 (8,89)
Brazil	Rix	hospital, ER	81 (47,93)	5 (−187,69)
Brazil	Rix	hospital	56 (12,78)	32 (−4,56)
Brazil	Rix	hospital	74 (58,84)	78 (54,90)
Colombia	Rix	hospital	84 (23,97)	−79 (−559,51)
El Salvador	Rix	hospital	83 (68,91)	59 (27,77)
Ghana	Rix	hospital	78 (2,95)	50 (−57,84)
Guatemala	Rix	hospital, ER	74 (18,92)	71 (44,85)
Malawi	Rix	hospital	71 (34,87)	32 (−141,81)
Malawi	Rix	hospital	62 (28,80)	31 (−139,80)
Moldova	Rix	hospital	84 (67,92)	46 (−16,75)
South Africa	Rix	hospital	54 (32,68)	61 (35,77)
Tanzania	Rix	hospital	56 (−2,81)	57 (−30,86)
Burkino Faso	Teq	hospital	58 (10,81)	19 (−78,63)
Guatamala	Teq	hospital, ER	74 (18,92)	71 (44,85)
Nicaragua	Teq	hospital, ER	78 (49,91)	55 (22,74)
Nicaragua	Teq	hospital	64 (43,78)	30 (−5,53)
Nicaragua	Teq	hospital, OP	65 (−80,93)	81 (25,95)

Footnote: adapted from reference 30

Table 2. Age of exposure to rotavirus infection in young children globally, as assessed by exposure in the placebo groups of vaccine studies

		Sero-positive status	Sero-positive status
Region	Country	at 6–8 weeks of age^1	at 20–24 weeks of age
Africa	South Africa/Malawi	11%	17%
	Ghana/Kenya/Mali	2%	20%
Asia	Bangladesh	15%	35%
	India	26%	26%
Latin	Brazil/Mexico/Venezuela	2%	13%
America	Multiple countries^3	4%	15%
Europe	Finland	0%	0%
	Multiple countries	2%	9%
United States		0%	9%

¹Sero-positivity assessed by to anti-rotavirus IgA antibody titres

²Blood was drawn 4– 8 weeks post last vaccine administration

³Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominica Republic, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Venezuela

⁴Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Spain

Footnote: adapted from references 55 and 56