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Original Articles

The effects of gold nanoparticles on the human blood functions

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Pages 720-726 | Received 11 Apr 2018, Accepted 19 Apr 2018, Published online: 09 May 2018

Figures & data

Figure 1. (a) The separation effect of AuNPs by density centrifugation, free CT-AuNPs and PEG@AuNPs cannot penetrate percoll layers unless engulfed by blood cells. (b) The effect of discontinuous percoll density-gradient centrifugation on the separation of blood pre-treated with AuNPs, the purity of blood cells was analysed by automatic blood count. (c) Quantitative distribution of CT-AuNPs and PEG@AuNPs in the blood cells, including RBCs, WBCs and PLTs). Gold concentration is measured using ICP-MS after incubating blood with CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs for 16 h. Data are given in mean ± SD, n = 6.

Figure 1. (a) The separation effect of AuNPs by density centrifugation, free CT-AuNPs and PEG@AuNPs cannot penetrate percoll layers unless engulfed by blood cells. (b) The effect of discontinuous percoll density-gradient centrifugation on the separation of blood pre-treated with AuNPs, the purity of blood cells was analysed by automatic blood count. (c) Quantitative distribution of CT-AuNPs and PEG@AuNPs in the blood cells, including RBCs, WBCs and PLTs). Gold concentration is measured using ICP-MS after incubating blood with CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs for 16 h. Data are given in mean ± SD, n = 6.

Figure 2. (a) Quantitative distribution of CT-AuNPs in the blood components; (b) Quantitative distribution of PEG@AuNPs in the blood components.

Figure 2. (a) Quantitative distribution of CT-AuNPs in the blood components; (b) Quantitative distribution of PEG@AuNPs in the blood components.

Figure 3. (a) Haemolysis was not significantly changed in RBCs treated by CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs. (b) The deformability ratio of RBC was not significantly changed in cell treated by different concentration of CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs.

Figure 3. (a) Haemolysis was not significantly changed in RBCs treated by CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs. (b) The deformability ratio of RBC was not significantly changed in cell treated by different concentration of CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs.

Figure 4. The TEM images of blood components: RBC, WBC, PLT, pretreated with CT-AuNPs and PEG@AuNPs (arrows indicate CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs).

Figure 4. The TEM images of blood components: RBC, WBC, PLT, pretreated with CT-AuNPs and PEG@AuNPs (arrows indicate CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs).

Figure 5. CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs treatment did not significantly affect the amount of IL-1β release from WBCs.

Figure 5. CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs treatment did not significantly affect the amount of IL-1β release from WBCs.

Figure 6. (a) CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs treatment significantly increased CD62P expression on PLTs in a concentration-dependent manner. PLTs were treated for 16 h with different concentration of CT-AuNPs and PEG@AuNPs, followed by flow cytometry analysis; statistics of the CD62P expression, #p < .05, (b) CTAuNPs at 50 or 100 μg/ml treatment significantly reduced PLTs maximum aggregation rate compared to negative control; statistics of the PLTs maximum aggregation rate, #p < .05.

Figure 6. (a) CT-AuNPs or PEG@AuNPs treatment significantly increased CD62P expression on PLTs in a concentration-dependent manner. PLTs were treated for 16 h with different concentration of CT-AuNPs and PEG@AuNPs, followed by flow cytometry analysis; statistics of the CD62P expression, #p < .05, (b) CTAuNPs at 50 or 100 μg/ml treatment significantly reduced PLTs maximum aggregation rate compared to negative control; statistics of the PLTs maximum aggregation rate, #p < .05.
Supplemental material

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