Determinants of the addiction treatment drop-out rates in an addiction counseling centre: a cross-sectional study

Figures & data

Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and their number of drug use cessation attempts.

	Mean ± SD	%	n
Age	28.06 ± 7.89		554
Gender
Male		93.7	520
Female		6.3	34
Education Level
Low		62.9	349
Middle-high		37	205
Marital Status^a
Married		22.5	127
Single		75.0	423
Employment Status
Employed		40.0	222
Irregularly employed		21.6	120
Not employed		38.2	212
Economical Status	1.16 ± 1.29		554
Family Relationship^b
Relationship with mother	1.41 ± 0.99		509
Relationship with father	1.80 ± 1.11		440
Cessation attempt
None		19.4	108
1–3 times		48.1	267
4–9 times		20.7	115
10 times and more		11.5	64

^aSince only single or married patients were evaluated the number of the patients is low.

^bSince only the patients who has relationship with mother or father were evaluted the number of patients is low.

Table 2. Comparison of sociodemographic and substance use characteristics and psychological problems of the patients who drop-out and who continue the treatment.

	Patients dropped-out			Patients continued treatment			t	χ²	p
	Mean.± SS	N	%	Mean. ± SS	N	%
Socidemographic characteristics
Age	28.11 ± 7.87	520		27.41 ± 8.4	34		0.49		0.62
Gender								4.32	0.03
Male		490	88.4		29	5.2
Female		30	5.4		5	0.9
Educational Status								10.38	0.001
Low		317	57.2		32	5.7
Middle-High		165	29.7		40	7.4
Marital Status								4.15	0.04
Married		120	21.8		7	1.2
Single		400	72.7		23	4.1
Employment Status								1.77	0.78
Regular Job		209	37.7		13	2.3
Irregular job		103	18.5		17	3
Not employed		201	36.2		11	1.9
Economical Status	2.07 ± 0.87	509		1.91 ± 0.71	45		1.04		0.29
Family Relationship
Relationship with mother	1.41 ± 1.001	475		1.41 ± 0.89	79		−0.03		0.97
Relationship with father	1.82 ± 1.11	473		1.29 ± 0.90	81		2.29		0.02*
Addiction Features
Cessation Attempt								0.107	0.96
None		89	16		19	3.4
1–3 times		251	45.3		16	2.8
4–9 times		95	17.1		20	3.6
10 times and more		48	8.6		16	2.8
BAPI Subscales
Substance use features	2.06 ± 1.41	468		1.68 ± 1.24	86		1.51		0.13
Effects on life	2.35 ± 0.84	471		1.92 ± 0.87	83		2.85		0.005
Severe desire for substance	2.26 ± 1.21	471		1.65 ± 1.08	83		2.84		0.005
Motivation	3.34 ± 1.12	459		2.89 ± 1.43	95		2.19		0.02*
Other
Intravenous Use								0.55	0.45
Present		465	83.9		35	6.3
Absent		46	8.3		8	1.4
Under probation order								9.12	0.002*
Present		344	62		30	5.4
Absent		150	27		30	5.4
Psychological Problems
Psychiatric treatment	0.75 ± 0.93	498		0.96 ± 0.98	56		−1.26		0.20
Lack of safe behaviour	0.90 ± 0.52	458		0.92 ± 0.51	96		20.88		0.81
Depression	0.88 ± 0.55	450		0.84 ± 0.53	104		3.33		0.72
Anxiety	0.66 ± 0.52	421		0.77 ± 0.54	133		10.64		0.27
Impulsivity	1.02 ± 0.58	457		1.04 ± 0.49	97		11.78		0.92
Excitement seeking behaviour	0.78 ± 0.63	456		0.93 ± 0.66	98		2.42		0.18
Anger managemet	0.94 ± 0.63	460		0.80 ± 0.65	94		6.86		0.22

*p<0.05.

Table 3. Predictive factors for treatmet drop-out behaviour according to regression analysis.

	Drop-out after 2nd session				Drop-out after 5th session				Drop-out after 10th session
	B	S.E.	Wald	Sig.	B	S.E.	Wald	Sig.	B	S.E.	Wald	Sig.
Sociodemographic characterisctics
Age	0.04	0.02	3.8	0.05	0.03	0.02	2.68	0.10	0.09	0.04	5.01	0.02*
Gender	−0.14	0.5	0.07	0.78	0.24	0.54	0.19	0.65	0.8	0.84	0.9	0.34
Educational status	0.002	0.22	0.000	0.99	0.61	0.26	5.45	0.02*	1.09	0.55	3.93	0.04*
Marital status	0.44	0.30	2.11	0.14	0.96	0.39	5.87	0.01*	19.44	4140.93	0.000	0.99
Employment status	−0.07	0.12	0.41	0.52	−0.11	0.14	0.61	0.43	0.07	0.29	0.06	0.79
Economical status	−0.03	0.08	0.17	0.67	−0.02	0.10	0.03	0.85	−0.34	0.24	1.86	0.17
Relationship with mother	−0.12	0.11	1.13	0.28	0.30	0.15	4.06	0.44	0.66	0.37	3.22	0.73
Relationship with father	−0.009	0.10	0.006	0.93	−0.35	0.14	5.81	0.01*	−1.09	0.41	6.83	0.009
Substance use and addiction
Substance use characteristics	0.12	0.07	2.65	0.10	0.16	0.08	3.54	0.06	−0.06	0.16	0.15	0.69
Adverse effects on life	−0.07	0.17	0.17	0.67	−0.39	0.20	3.87	0.04*	−0.38	0.35	1.16	0.28
Severe desire for substance	−0.22	0.10	4.16	0.04*	−0.01	0.12	0.01	0.89	−0.11	0.20	0.28	0.59
Motivation	0.05	0.10	0.30	0.05	0.09	0.11	0.69	0.40	−0.09	0.16	0.35	0.55
Number of cessation attempt	0.06	0.12	0.26	0.237	0.13	3.05	0.237	0.31	0.23	1.81	0.31	0.17
Intravenous substance use	−0.07	0.38	0.03	0.85	0.13	0.44	0.08	0.76	0.56	0.72	0.61	0.43
Under probation order	−0.51	0.21	5.60	0.01*	−0.55	0.27	4.03	0.04*	−1.75	0.74	5.53	0.01*
Psychological Problems
Psychiatric treatment history	0.27	0.11	5.64	0.01*	0.34	0.12	8.33	0.004*	0.23	0.20	1.41	0.23
Lack of safe behaviour	0.18	0.22	0.68	0.40	0.06	0.25	0.07	0.78	0.20	0.43	0.22	0.63
Depresssion	−0.30	0.23	1.71	0.19	−0.14	0.27	0.29	0.59	−0.03	0.46	0.007	0.93
Anxiety	0.25	0.23	1.16	0.28	0.44	0.26	2.80	0.09	0.45	0.43	1.09	0.29
Impulsivity	−0.24	0.20	1.47	0.22	−0.30	0.23	1.61	0.20	−0.01	0.40	0.001	0.97
Novelty seeking behaviour	0.34	0.17	3.91	0.04*	0.53	0.19	7.56	0.006	0.40	0.33	1.44	0.23
Anger mangement	−0.07	0.17	0.17	0.67	−0.27	0.20	1.87	0.17	−0.53	0.34	2.36	0.12

*p<0.05.

Table 4. Variables predicts drop-out according to cox regression analysis results.

Variable	B	SE	Wald	df	Sig.	Exp(β)	GA 95%
Age	−0.003	0.01	0.09	1	0.76	0.99	0.97–1.01
Relationship with father	0.01	0.05	0.08	1	0.77	1.01	0.91–1.12
Under probation order	0.14	0.12	1.37	1	0.24	1.15	0.90–1.45
Effects of substance use	−0.01	0.09	0.02	1	0.88	0.98	0.81–1.19
Severe alcohol/ substance desire	0.08	0.06	1.92	1	0.16	1.08	0.96–1.22
Psychiatric treatment history	−0.15	0.06	6.51	1	0.01	0.85	0.75–0.96
Educational status	−0.100	0.11	0.71	1	0.40	0.90	0.71–1.14
Marital status	−0.13	0.15	0.69	1	0.40	0.87	0.64–1.19
Novelty seeking behaviour	−0.16	0.09	3.20	1	0.07	0.84	0.70–1.01

Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier curves for the drop-out time after the first (A) andsSecond (B) sessions during 10 sessions.