Societal Influence and Psychological Distress Among Indonesian Adults in Java on the Early Omicron Wave of COVID-19

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristics of respondents.

Sociodemographic factor	Young adult (n = 288)	Middle age adult (n = 108)
Sex
Male	77 (26.7%)	52 (48.1%)
Female	211 (73.3%)	56 (51.9%)
Education
High school graduate	208 (72.2%)	4 (3.7%)
University graduate	80 (27.8%)	104 (96.3%)
History of COVID
Never diagnosed	233 (80.9%)	83 (76.9%)
Diagnosed	55 (19.1%)	25 (23.1%)
Comorbidity
Does not have	250 (86.8%)	77 (71.3%)
Have comorbidity	38 (13.2%)	31 (28.7%)
Economy status
Average and below	220 (76.4%)	82 (75.9%)
Above average	68 (23.6%)	26 (24.1%)
Supplement consumption
Consumed	219 (76%)	86 (79.6%)
Not consumed	69 (24%)	22 (20.4%)

Figure 1. Incidence of COVID-19-related psychological distress among young and middle age adults in Java Island, Indonesia during early Omicron wave.

(A) Hypervigilance. (B) Somatic symptom. (C) Avoidance. (D) Re-experience.

Figure 2. Forest plot of predictive factors on each distress symptom.

(A) Hypervigilance. (B) Somatic symptom. (C) Avoidance. (D) Re-experience.

Boldface numbers indicates significant p-value.

Table 2. Mann-Whitney U of societal influence.

Sociodemographic factors	n	Social distance		Social anxiety		Social desirability		Social information		Total SISQ
		z	p-value	z	p-value	z	p-value	z	p-value	z	p-value
Age		-1.383	0.167	-2.545	0.011	-0.084	0.933	-1.033	0.302	-2.373	0.018
Young adults	288
Middle age adults	108
Sex		-0.904	0.366	-0.982	0.326	-0.170	0.865	-0.205	0.838	-0.966	0.334
Male	129
Female	267
Education		-0.887	0.375	-0.658	0.511	-0.074	0.941	-0.233	0.816	-1.009	0.313
High school graduate	212
University graduate	184
History of COVID		-0.174	0.862	-0.314	0.753	-1.102	0.271	-1.590	0.112	-0.021	0.983
Never diagnosed	316
Ever diagnosed	80
Comorbidity		-0.254	0.799	-0.592	0.554	-0.056	0.955	-1.239	0.215	-0.021	0.983
Does not have	327
Have comorbidity	69
Economic status		-0.029	0.977	-1.576	0.115	-0.318	0.751	-0.008	0.994	-0.350	0.726
Average and below	302
Above average	94
Supplement		-0.518	0.605	-0.847	0.397	-0.007	0.994	-0.228	0.820	-0.092	0.926
Consumed	305
Not Consumed	91

Boldface numbers indicates significant p-value.

SISQ: Societal Influences Survey Questionnaire.