The Life Satisfaction Index-A (LSI-A): Normative Data for a General Swedish Population Aged 60 to 93 Years

Figures & data

Table 1 Life Satisfaction Index (LSI-A) norm values for a general Swedish population in nine age cohorts between 60–93 Years, N=5815

	n (%)	mn	SD	CI 95%	q1	md	q3	Min–Max	At Ceiling n (%)	Missing n (%)
All	5815	27.8	6.9	27.6–28.0	24.0	29.0	33.0	3–40	49 (0.8)
Men	2656 (45.7)	28.5	6.6	28.2–28.7	25.0	30.0	33.0	3–40	23 (0.8)
Women	3159 (54.3)	27.3	7.1	27.0–27.5	23.0	28.0	33.0	3–40	26 (0.8)
Age, (years)
60	2481 (42.7)	29.2	6.8	28.9–29.4	25.1	30.0	34.0	3–40	31 (1.2)
66	908 (15.6)	28.7	6.1	28.3–29.1	25.0	30.0	33.0	4–40	5 (0.5)
72	414 (7.1)	27.6	6.8	27.0–28.3	24.0	29.0	32.0	3–40	2 (0.5)
78	346 (6.0)	26.5	6.4	25.9–27.2	22.0	27.0	31.0	6–40	1 (0.1)
81	879 (15.1)	26.7	6.7	26.2–27.1	22.0	28.0	32.0	6–40	5 (0.5)
84	335(5.8)	25.0	6.9	24.3–25.8	20.0	25.0	30.0	6–40	2 (0.6)
87	219 (3.8)	23.8	7.3	22.8–24.8	18.9	24.0	29.0	3–40	2 (0.8)
90	161 (2.8)	24.2	7.0	23.1–25.3	19.5	24.9	29.2	3–40	1 (0.5)
93+	72 (1.2)	23.0	7.2	21.3–24.7	18.0	23.0	28.2	6–37	-
Marital status										19 (0.3)
Living alone	2146 (36.9)	25.5	7.1	25.2–25.8	21.0	26.0	31.0	3–40	11 (0.5)
Cohabiting	3650 (62.8)	29.2	6.4	29.0–29.4	26.0	30.0	34.0	3–40	38 (1.0)
Education										40 (0.7)
Elementary school	2722 (46.8)	26.7	6.9	26.4–27.0	22.0	28.0	32.0	3–40	16 (0.6)
Secondary school	1696 (29.2)	28.2	6.9	27.9–28.5	24.0	29.5	33.0	3–40	16 (0.9)
University	1357 (23.3)	29.6	6.6	29.2–29.9	26.0	31.0	35.0	5–40	16 (1.2)
ADL										98 (1.7)
Independent	3901 (67.1)	29.0	6.4	28.8–29.2	25.0	30.0	30.0	3–40	43 (1.1)
Dependent in IADL	706 (12.1)	25.8	7.2	25.3–26.4	21.0	27.0	32.0	5–40	2 (0.3)
Dependent in PADL	1110 (19.1)	24.8	7.3	24.4–25.3	20.0	26.0	30.0	3–40	3 (0.3)
Number of chronic diseases
None	1950 (33.5)	29.5	6.2	29.2–29.8	26.0	31.0	34.0	3–40	24 (1.2)
One	2015 (34.7)	28.1	6.6	27.9–28.4	24.0	29.0	33.0	3–40	15 (0.7)
Two	1174 (20.2)	26.3	7.2	25.6–26.7	21.0	27.0	32.0	6–40	7 (0.6)
Three or more	676 (11.6)	24.5	7.5	24.0–25.1	19.0	26.0	30.0	3–40	(0.4)

Table 2 LSI-A Norm Values for Men in a General Swedish population in Nine Age Cohorts Between 60–93 Years, n=2656

	n (%)	mn	sd	CI 95%	q1	md	q3	Min–Max	At Ceiling n (%)	L Missing n (%)
Age, (years)
60	1216 (45.8)	29.4	6.8	29.0–29.8	26.0	31.0	34.0	5–40	15 (1.2)
66	425 (16.0)	29.1	5.6	28.6–29.7	25.0	30.0	34.0	14–40	2 (0.5)
72	178 (6.7)	28.4	6.0	27.6–29.3	26.0	30.0	33.0	3–38	-
78	159 (6.0)	27.5	6.0	26.5–28.4	24.0	28.0	33.0	6–39	-
81	396 (14.9)	27.6	6.5	26.9–28.2	24.0	29.0	32.5	6–40	3 (0.7)
84	127 (4.7)	25.6	6.5	24.5–26.8	21.0	26.0	30.0	6–40	1 (0.7)
87	79 (3.0)	25.8	7.0	24.2–27.4	21.0	27.0	31.0	7–40	2 (2.3)
90	54 (2.0)	24.5	6.1	22.8–26.1	20.0	24.0	29.0	9–37	-
93+	22 (0.8)	23.4	7.0	20.3–26.4	17.7	24.5	28.2	11–37	-
Marital status										12 (0.4)
Living alone	642 (24.2)	25.7	6.8	25.2–26.2	21.0	26.0	31.0	3–40	5 (0.7)
Cohabiting	2002 (75.4)	29.4	6.2	29.1–29.6	26.0	31.0	34.0	6–40	18 (0.9)
Education										17 (0.6)
Elementary school	1119 (42.1)	27.7	6.4	27.3–28.0	24.0	29.0	32.0	5–40	6 (0.5)
Secondary school	834 (31.4)	28.4	6.8	28.0–28.9	25.0	30.0	34.0	3–40	7 (0.8)
University	686 (25.8)	29.8	6.5	29.3–30.3	27.0	31.0	35.0	5–40	10 (1.4)
ADL										59 (2.2)
Independent	1893 (71.2)	29.3	6.2	29.0–29.6	26.0	30.0	34.0	3–40	22 (1.1)
IADL- dependent	408 (15.4)	26.6	7.2	25.9–27.3	21.0	28.0	32.0	5–38	-
PADL- dependent	296 (11.1)	25.4	7.0	24.6–26.2	20.0	26.0	31.0	7–40	1 (0.3)
Chronic disease
None	1007 (37.9)	29.5	6.2	29.1–29.8	21.0	31.0	34.0	3–40	8 (0.8)
One	957 (36.0)	28.7	6.4	28.3–29.1	25.0	30.0	34.0	6–40	9 (0.9)
Two	466 (17.5)	27.1	7.2	26.5–27.8	22.0	28.0	33.0	6–40	4 (1.0)
Three or more	226 (8.5)	25.6	6.7	24.7–26.4	20.0	27.0	31.0	5–40	1 (0.4)

Table 3 LSI-A Norm Values for Women in a General Swedish Population in Nine Age Cohorts Between 60–93 Years, n=3159

	n (%)	mn	sd	CI 95%	q1	md	q3	Min–Max	At Ceiling n (%)	Missing n (%)
Age, (years)
60	1265 (40.0)	29.0	6.8	28.6–29.4	25.0	30.0	34.0	3–40	16 (1.2)
66	483(15.3)	28.3	6.5	27.8–28.9	25.0	29.0	33.0	4–40	3 (0.6)
72	236(7.4)	27.0	7.2	26.1–28.0	23.0	28.0	32.0	3–40	2 (0.8)
78	187(5.9)	25.8	6.7	24.8–26.7	21.0	26.0	31.0	9–40	1 (0.5)
81	483 (2.6)	25.9	6.8	25.3–26.6	21.0	27.0	31.0	6–40	2 (0.4)
84	208 (6.6)	24.6	7.1	23.7–25.6	20.0	25.0	30.0	6–40	1 (0.4)
87	140 (4.4)	22.6	7.2	21.4–23.8	18.0	24.0	28.0	3–38	-
90	107 (3.4)	24.1	7.4	22.6–25.5	19.0	24.0	30.0	4–40	1 (0.8)
93+	50 (1.6)	22.9	7.4	20.7–25.0	18.0	23.0	28.4	6–36	-
Marital status										7 (0.2)
Living alone	1504 (47.6)	25.4	7.3	25.0–25.8	22.0	26.0	31.0	3–40	6 (0.4)
Cohabiting	1648 (52.2)	28.9	6.5	28.6–29.2	25.0	30.0	34.0	3–40	20 (1.2)
Education										23 (0.7)
Elementary school	1603 (50.7)	26.0	7.1	25.7–26.4	21.2	27.0	36.0	3–40	10 (0.6)
Secondary school	862 (27.3)	28.0	7.9	27.5–28.4	24.0	29.0	33.0	3–40	9 (1.0)
University	671 (21.2)	29.3	6.7	28.8–29.8	25.3	31.0	34.0	6–40	6 (0.9)
ADL										39 (1.2)
Independent	2008 (63.6)	28.7	6.6	28.4–29.0	25.0	30.0	34.0	3–40	21 (1.0)
IADL- dependent	298 (9.4)	24.8	7.1	24.0–25.6	20.0	25.0	30.0	8–40	2 (0.6)
PADL- dependent	814 (25.8)	24.6	7.4	24.1–25.1	20.0	25.0	30.0	3–40	3 (0.3)
Chronic disease
None	943 (30.3)	29.5	6.2	29.1–29.9	26.0	30.5	34.0	3–40	16 (1.6)
One	1058 (34.0)	27.7	6.8	27.3–28.1	23.0	29.0	33.0	3–40	6 (0.5)
Two	708 (22.7)	25.7	7.2	25.2–26.2	21.0	26.0	31.0	6–40	2 (0.3)
Three or more	405 (13.0)	24.0	7.8	23.3–24.7	18.0	25.0	30.0	3–40	(0.4)

Table 4 LSI-A norms for Swedish Men by Number of Chronic Diseases and Functional Impairment (Dependent in ADLs) in the decades of 60, 70 and 80 years

Age, Decade	None	Number of Chronic Diseases		Three or More	Independent	ADL
		One	Two			Dependent in IADL	Dependent in PADL
60	n=743	n=601	n=223	n=74	n=1375	n=152	n=88
mn (sd)	30.1 (6.1)	29.4 (6.4)	27.6 (7.2)	25.9 (7.6)	29.7 (6.2)	27.9 (7.3)	25.8 (7.5)
CI 95%	29.6–30.5	28.9–29.9	26.9–28.5	24.2–27.8	29.3–30.0	26.7–29.1	24.2–27.4
q1 md q3	27.0 31.0 34.0	26.0 30.0 34.0	23.0 29.0 33.0	20.0 27.5 32.0	26.0 32.0 34.0	24.0 29.0 34.0	20.0 27.0 32.0
min-max	5–40	8–40	7–40	5–40	5–40	5–38	8–37
at ceiling n (%)	7 (0.9)	8 (1.3)	1 (0.4)	1 (1.3)	17 (1.2)	-	-
70	n=108	n=116	n=71	n=42	n=212	n=64	n=45
mn (sd)	28.7 (5.9)	28.6 (5.3)	27.3 (6.6)	25.6 (8.3)	28.4 (5.7)	26.3 (7.4)	27.8 (5.4)
CI 95%	27.6–29.9	27.6–29.6	25.7–28.8	23.6–27.6	27.6 29.2	24.5–28.2	26.1–29.4
q1 md q3	25.6 30.0 33.0	26.0 29.5 33.0	24.0 29.0 31.5	22.0 26.0 30.0	25.0 29.5 33.0	21.5 27.0 32.0	25.0 28.0 32.0
min-max	3–38	13–38	6 −39	6–35	3–39	6–38	15–38
at ceiling n (%)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
80+	n=156	n=240	n=172	n=110	n=306	n=192	n=163
mn (sd)	27.3 (6.2)	26.9 (6.4)	26.5 (7.4)	25.3 (6.3)	28.4 (5.9)	25.6 (7.0)	24.6 (6.9)
CI 95%	26.3–28.2	26.1–27.7	25.7–27.6	24.1–26.5	27.7–29.0	24.6–26-6	23.5–25.7
q1 md q3	23.0 28.0 32.0	22.0 28.0 32.0	21.0, 28.0, 32.0	21.0 26.5 30.0	25.0 29.0 32.0	20.5 27.0 31.0	19.0 25.0 30.0
min-max	11–40	6–40	7–40	11–38	9–40	6–38	7–40
at ceiling n (%)	1 (0.6)	1 (0.4)	4 (2.2)	-	5 (1.6)	-	(0.6)

Table 5 LSI-A norms for Swedish Women by Number of Chronic Diseases and Functional Impairment (Dependent in ADLs) in the Decades of 60, 70 and 80 years

Age, Decade	None	Number of Chronic Diseases		Three or More	Independent	ADL
		One	Two			Dependent in IADL	Dependent in PADL
60	n=641	n=630	n=323	n=154	n=1334	n=85	n=310
mn (sd)	30.7 (5.6)	28.7 (6.4)	26.6 (7.6)	25.6 (7.6)	29.6 (6.4)	26.6 (7.4)	26.2 (7.1)
CI 95%	30.3–31.2	28.2–29.2	25.8–27.5	24.4–26.9	29.3–30.0	25.0–28.2	23.4–27.0
q1, md, q3	28.0 32.0 35.0	25.0 30.0 34.0	22.0 27.0 32.0	21.0 27.0 32.0	27.0 32.0 34.0	22.0 27.0 32.5	23.0 27.0 32.0
Min-max	3–40	4–40	6–40	4–40	6–40	8–40	3–39
At ceiling n (%)	14 (2.1)	2 (0.3)	2 (0.6)	1 (0.6)	17 (1.3)	2 (2.3)	-
70	n=106	n=141	n=96	n=80	n=273	n=36	n=106
mn (sd)	27.7 (5.7)	27.3 (7.0)	26.3 (7.1)	23.7 (7.8)	27.4 (6.8)	25.0 (7.2)	24.2 (7.0)
CI 95%	26.6–28.8	26.2–28.4	24.9–27.7	21.9–25.4	26.3–28.2	22.6–27.5	22.8–25.5
q1 md q3	23.0 29.0 31.0	22.0 28.0 32.0	21.0 26.3 32.0	17.2 26.0 30.0	22.5 29.0 32.0	21.2 25.5 30.8	18.8 25.1 30.0
Min-max	9–40	8–40	9–38	3 −38	3–40	9–37	8–38
At ceiling n (%)	1 (0.9)	2 (1.4)	-	-	3 (1.1)	-
80+	n=196	n=287	n=289	n=216	n=401	n=177	n=398
mn (sd)	26.4 (6.9)	25.6 (6.9)	24.4 (6.7)	23.0	26.6 (6.5)	23.8 (6.8)	23.5 (7.4)
CI 95%	25.5–27.4	24.8–26.4	23.7–25.2	21.9–24.0	26.0–27.2	22.8–24.8	22.8–24.3
q1, md, q3	23.0 27.0 32.0	21.0 26.0 31.0	19.0 25.0 29.0	17.0 23.0 29.0	23.0 27.0 32.0	19.0 24.0 32.2	18.0 24.0 29.0
Min-max	6–40	3–40	6–39	3 −40	6–40	9–37	3–40
at ceiling n (%)	1 (0.5)	2 (0.6)	-	1 (0.4)	1 (1.2)	-	3 (0.7)