Influence of indacaterol on daily physical activity in patients with untreated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of analyzed patients (N=18)

Characteristics	Baseline data
Age (years)
Mean ± SD	74.2±6.5
Sex (N)
Male/female	17/1
Body mass index (kg/m^2)
Mean ± SD	21.0±2.4
Smoking status (N)
CS/ex	3/15
Smoking (packs/year)a
Mean ± SD	37.6±22.3
Working status (N)
Worker/retired/housewife	4/13/1
GOLD stage (N)
I/II/III/IV	0/11/4/3
PaO2 (mmHg)
Mean ± SD	79.8±10.4
PaCO2 (mmHg)
Mean ± SD	39.3±3.6

Note:

a One ex-smoker was excluded because of unknown smoking history.

Abbreviations: CS, current smoker; ex, ex-smoker; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Changes in daily physical activity (N=18)

Parameter	Before indacaterol introduction	After 12-weeks of indacaterol treatment	P-value
Days of analysis (days)	13.3±6.3	19.3±7.6	0.01a
Number of steps (steps/day)	3,311.5±2,103.3	3,841.8±2,096.8	0.02a
Energy expenditure (kilocalories/day)	85.0±77.2	90.9±56.8	0.29a
Duration of exercise (minutes/day)
Intensity level 1	6.2±6.6	6.6±3.6	0.81a
Intensity level 2	13.6±7.8	16.5±9.1	0.99a
Intensity level 3	7.0±5.0	8.4±5.9	0.93a
Intensity level 4	5.5±7.5	6.1±5.8	0.66a
Intensity level 5	3.2±6.6	2.1±3.7	0.13a
Intensity level 6	0.8±1.7	0.9±1.6	0.73a
≥ intensity level 7	0.1±0.2	0.2±0.2	0.93a
Duration of light or more exercise (intensity level 1 or more) (minutes/day)	36.4±23.9	40.8±21.6	0.12a
Duration of moderate or more exercise (intensity, level 4 or more) (minutes/day)	9.5±15.2	9.2±10.0	0.55a

Notes:

a One-sided, paired t-test. Data shown is mean ± standard deviation.

Table 3 Changes in pulmonary functions and QOL questionnaires (N=18)

Parameter	N	Before indacaterol introduction	After 12-weeks of indacaterol treatment	P-value
Pulmonary functions
FEV1 (L)	18	1.46±0.56	1.58±0.54	0.002a
%FEV1 (%)	18	55.2±17.9	61.0±17.3	0.003a
FVC (L)	18	2.33±0.72	2.49±0.63	0.06a
mMRC	18	1.3±1.1	1.2±1.0	0.79b
CAT™	17	16.4±10.2	12.4±8.2	0.04a
SF-36v2^®
Physical function	17	77.8±16.0	80.6±17.0	0.26a
Role physical	17	64.3±28.7	74.6±26.5	0.06a
Body pain	17	74.5±25.4	81.5±23.3	0.06a
General health	18	53.0±19.8	63.1±21.3	0.02a
Vitality	17	62.5±25.1	65.4±23.7	0.32a
Social function	17	74.3±30.8	82.4±28.0	0.15a
Role emotional	17	72.5±31.0	83.3±24.7	0.049a
Mental health	17	69.1±25.8	70.9±18.8	0.38a
Physical component summary	16	41.6±9.7	45.1±7.9	0.03a
Mental component summary	16	54.7±12.8	54.7±11.2	0.50a
Role/social component summary	16	41.1±16.6	43.8±15.8	0.19a

Notes:

a One-sided, paired t-test;

b one-sided Wilcoxon signed rank test. Data shown is mean ± standard deviation.

Abbreviations: CAT™, the Japanese version of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) assessment test; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC, forced vital capacity; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale score; QOL, quality-of-life; SF-36v2^®, Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, Japanese version 2.