Lyme disease: the next decade

Figures & data

Appendix 1 Evidence for persistent infection following treatment of Lyme disease^a

Study/reference	Study origin	Persistence of B. burgdorferi shown by	Sample source
Weber et al^Citation1	Europe	Histology	Brain, liver (autopsy)^b
Schmidli et al^Citation2	Europe	Culture	Synovial fluid
Cimmino et al^Citation3	Europe	Histology	Spleen
Preac-Mursic et al^Citation4	Europe	Culture	Skin Bx, CSF
Pfister et al^Citation5	Europe	Culture	CSF
Strle et al^Citation6	Europe	Culture	Skin Bx
Preac-Mursic et al^Citation7	Europe	Culture	Iris Bx
Haupl et al^Citation8	Europe	Culture	Ligament Bx
Strle et al^Citation9	Europe	Culture	Skin Bx
Preac-Mursic et al^Citation10	Europe	Culture	Skin Bx, CSF
Oksi et al^Citation11	Europe	Culture	CSF
		PCR	Brain Bx
		PCR	Brain (autopsy)
Priem et al^Citation12	Europe	PCR	Synovial Bx/fluid
Oksi et al^Citation13	Europe	Culture, PCR	Blood
Breier et al^Citation14	Europe	Culture	Skin Bx
Hunfeld et al^Citation15	Europe	Culture	Skin Bx
Hudson et al^Citation16	Australia	Culture, PCR	Skin Bx
Steere et al^Citation17	USA	Histology	Synovial Bx
Kirsch et al^Citation18	USA	Histology	LN (autopsy)
Liegner et al^Citation19	USA	Histology	Skin Bx
		PCR	Blood
Battafarano et al^Citation20	USA	Histology, PCR	Synovial Bx/fluid
Chancellor et al^Citation21	USA	Histology	Bladder Bx
Nocton et al^Citation22	USA	PCR	Synovial fluid
Shadick et al^Citation23	USA	Histology	Brain (autopsy)
Masters^Citation24	USA	Culture	Blood
Lawrence et al^Citation25	USA	PCR	CSF
Bayer et al^Citation26	USA	PCR	Urine
Nocton et al^Citation27	USA	PCR	CSF

Notes:

a All patients had received a minimum of 2 to 4 weeks of antibiotic therapy;

b Mother treated with antibiotics during pregnancy; newborn died.

Abbreviations: PCR, polymerase chain reaction; Bx, biopsy; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; LN, lymph node.

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