Talaromyces marneffei Infection in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature

Figures & data

Table 1 Reported Cases of T. marneffei Infection in Patients with SLE

#[Ref Number]	Age (Years)/Sex	Area	Duration of SLE	Immunosuppressant at Onset of Symptoms	Symptoms	CRP (mg/dL)	Site of Positive Culture or Histopathology	Antifungal Therapy (Duration)	SLE Therapy	Outcome
[^Citation9]	40/F	Malaysia	24 years	P + MMF	Fever, diarrhea, cough, renal failure	11.8	Blood	Vori → Itra (12 weeks)	P	Recovered
[^Citation9]	23/M	Malaysia	4 months	P + Aza + HCQ	Fever, hoarseness, sore throat, cough	3.9	Blood	AmpB → Itra (12 weeks)	ND	Recovered
[^Citation10]	25/F	Thailand	3 months	P	Fever, lymphadenopathy	–	Lymph node, lung, liver	None	p	Death
[^Citation11]	38/F	Guangzhou, China	23 years	P	Fever, skin ulcer	–	Ulcer secretion	None	NA	Death
[^Citation11]	32/M	Guangzhou, China	NA	NA	Fever, stomachache	–	Peritoneum dialysis fluid	None	NA	Death
[^Citation12]	65/F	Hong Kong, China	1 year	Aza + P	Fever	–	Blood	None	NA	Death
[^Citation13]	32/F	Hong Kong, China	3 years	NA	Fever, lymphadenopathy	28	Bone marrow, lymph node	AmpB + Fluo → Itra + Fluo → AmpB + Itra → Itra (80 weeks)	P	Recovered
[^Citation14]	32/F	Hong Kong, China	10 years	P	Fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, lymphadenopathy	9.4	Blood, lymph node	AmpB → Itra (NA)	P	Recovered
[^Citation15]	46/F	Huizhou, China	10 years	P	Fever, subcutaneous masses, cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, painful knee joints	10.8	Ulcer secretion, tissue biopsy	AmpB → Itra + Fluc → Itra (34 weeks)	P	Recovered
[PR]	27/F	Guangxi, China	4 years	P	Fever, skin ulcer, lymphadenopathy	4.68	Blood, ulcer secretion	Fluc (36 weeks)	P	Recovered
[PR]	49/M	Guangxi, China	2 months	P	Fever, cough, fatigue	3.899	Phlegm, bone marrow	AmpB + Vori → Itra (46 weeks)	P	Recovered

Note: ND indicates that immunosuppression therapy was received but no details were provided.

Abbreviations: SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; Ref, reference; PR, present report; F, female; M, male; NA, not available; P, prednisolone; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; Aza, azathioprine; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; CRP, c-reactive proteins; Vori, voriconazole; Itra, itraconazole; AmpB, amphotericin B; Fluo, fluorocytosine; Fluc, fluconazole; MP, methylprednisolone.

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