Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on pregnancy rates and early pregnancy loss after intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Figures & data

Figure 1 Flowchart summarizing the study.

Figure 2 Pregnancy rates, EPL, and infection with CagA-positive strains distributed across groups with different infertility etiology.

Abbreviations: MF, male factor; UA, unknown etiology; TF, tubal factor; OD, ovulatory dysfunction.

Table 1 Early pregnancy loss related to maternal age, H. pylori infection, CagA positivity, underlying infertility etiology (IA), number of oocytes retrieved (OR), number of embryos formed (EF), and number of embryos transferred (ET)

	Odds ratio	Lower CI	Upper CI	P value	Number
Age	0	0.79	1.04	0.15	150
IgG positivity	0.47	0.05	4.52	0.52	58
CagA positivity	19.39	1.8	208.4	0.01*	19
Unknown IA	4.68	0.73	29.84	0.1	41
IA:tubal factor	12.95	1.28	131.11	0.03*	11
IA:ovulatory disorder	10.84	1.47	80.03	0.02*	17
OR	0.89	0.66	1.2	0.44	Unknown
EF	1.11	0.77	1.61	0.57	Unknown
ET	1.17	0.68	2.03	0.57	343