https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9131-4563
Figures & data
Table 1 Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics in Patients with Physician-Assessed Severe Asthma, including those with Uncontrolled Severe Asthma and Controlled Severe Asthma
Figure 1 (A) Box plot of mMRC dyspnea grade and (B) proportion of patients by mMRC dyspnea grade in patients with uncontrolled severe asthma and controlled severe asthma.
Notes: The mMRC dyspnea scale is a one-item measure, graded on a 0–4 scale, with a higher grade indicating worse disability due to dyspnea.Citation13,Citation16 In panel A, the solid and dotted center lines denote the median and mean values, respectively. The boxes represent the interquartile range (25th to 75th percentiles), and the whiskers mark the minimum and maximum values.
Abbreviation: mMRC, Modified Medical Research Council.
Figure 2 Box plot of RSQ total score in patients with uncontrolled severe asthma and controlled severe asthma.
Notes: The RSQ comprises four items related to respiratory symptoms over the previous 4 weeks and the impact they have on patient activity, with each item scored on a 0–4 scale. The total score (0–16) is the sum of all items, with higher scores indicating worse symptoms.Citation14 The solid and dotted center lines denote the median and mean values, respectively. The boxes represent the interquartile range (25th to 75th percentiles), and the whiskers mark the minimum and maximum values.
Abbreviation: RSQ, Respiratory Symptoms Questionnaire.
Figure 3 RSQ (A) shortness of breath, (B) limited activities, (C) rescue inhaler use, and (D) night awakening in patients with uncontrolled severe asthma and controlled severe asthma.
Notes: The RSQ comprises four items related to respiratory symptoms over the previous 4 weeks and the impact they have on patient activity.Citation14
Abbreviation: RSQ, Respiratory Symptoms Questionnaire.
Figure 4 Box plot of ACT score in patients with uncontrolled severe asthma and controlled severe asthma.
Notes: The ACT measures asthma symptom control and comprises five items scored on a 1–5 scale; the total score (5–25) is the sum of all items, with higher scores indicating better asthma control.Citation12 The solid and dotted center lines denote the median and mean values, respectively. The boxes represent the interquartile range (25th to 75th percentiles), and the whiskers mark the minimum and maximum values. Uncontrolled severe asthma was defined by either an ACT score <20 or at least one severe physician-reported exacerbation in the previous 12 months. Controlled severe asthma was defined by ACT score ≥20 and no severe physician-reported exacerbations (defined as requiring systemic corticosteroids, emergency-room visit, or hospitalization during the 12-month period prior to the baseline visit).
Abbreviation: ACT, Asthma Control Test.
Figure 5 Box plots for (A) SGRQ total score, (B) CAAT score, (C) EQ-5D-5L index value, and (D) EQ-VAS score in patients with uncontrolled severe asthma and controlled severe asthma.
Notes: The SGRQ is a 50-item questionnaire scored on a 0–100 scale, with higher scores indicating worse health status.Citation17 The CAAT comprises eight items scored on a 0–5 scale, measuring the impact of symptoms on health status, and is modified with permission from the COPD assessment test,Citation20 with higher scores indicating worse health status.Citation18 The EQ-5D-5L index value summarizes the EQ-5D-5L health states using a single summary number based on responses to five dimensions, which reflects how good or bad a health state is. The EQ-VAS indicates patients’ overall health status and is scored on a 0–100 scale, with higher scores indicating better health status on that day.Citation19 The solid and dotted center lines denote the median and mean values, respectively. The boxes represent the interquartile range (25th to 75th percentiles), and the whiskers mark the minimum and maximum values.
Abbreviations: CAAT, Chronic Airways Assessment Test; EQ-5D-5L, EuroQoL 5 Dimensions 5 Levels Health Questionnaire; SGRQ, St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire; VAS, visual analog score.
Figure 6 Productivity loss in patients with uncontrolled severe asthma and controlled severe asthma.
Notes: Productivity loss measures were obtained from the WPAI Questionnaire which assessed employment status and absence from work during the past 7 days.Citation21 This included absenteeism (percentage of work time missed due to health), presenteeism (percentage of impairment experienced while at work due to health), overall work impairment (absenteeism and presenteeism combined), and activity impairment (percentage of impairment in daily activities due to health). Error bars represent standard deviation.
Abbreviation: WPAI, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment.
