Greater Pain Severity is Associated with Inability to Access Addiction Treatment Among a Cohort of People Who Use Drugs

Figures & data

Figure 1 Distribution of average pain severity scores stratified by ability to access addiction treatment (n=1348 contributing to 4240 observations).

Table 1 Bivariable and Multivariable Generalized Linear Mixed Multiple Regression Analyses of Effect of Average Pain Severity on Self-reported Inability to Access Addiction Treatment^a Among People Who Use Drugs (n=1348)

	Unadjusted		Adjusted^a
Average Pain Severity^b	Odds Ratio (95%CI)	p-value	Odds Ratio (95%CI)	p-value
None (reference)
Mild-moderate (1–5)	1.74 (1.07–2.83)	0.027	1.75 (1.08–2.82)	0.023
Moderate-severe (6–10)	2.17 (1.37–3.43)	0.001	1.98 (1.27–3.09)	0.003

Notes: ^aAdjusted for confounders found to be significant at the level of p≤0.1 in the bivariable analyses (ie, age, ethnicity, homelessness, incarceration, violence, mental illness, overdose, heroin use, prescription opioid use, methamphetamine use, and heavy alcohol use). Activities/events refer to the six months prior to the participant’s interview. ^bAverage pain severity estimates as a numeric (ie, noncategorical) variable: unadjusted OR=1.11, 95%CI: 1.04–1.18, p<0.001; AOR (adjusted for same covariates as above adjusted model)=1.10, 95%CI: 1.04–1.17, p=0.002.