Profiling undergraduate students from a Romanian medical university

Figures & data

Table 1 Results of the Shapiro–Wilk test for normality of distribution

Sample characteristics	Students	N	Shapiro–Wilk test statistics	p-value
Age	GM	105	0.729	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.667	<0.0001
	GN	98	0.557	<0.0001
CERQ: self-blame	GM	105	0.761	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.954	0.001
	GN	98	0.813	<0.0001
CERQ: acceptance	GM	105	0.904	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.939	<0.0001
	GN	98	0.932	<0.0001
CERQ: rumination	GM	105	0.956	0.002
	DM	103	0.951	0.001
	GN	98	0.969	0.019
CERQ: positive refocusing	GM	105	0.856	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.878	0.047
	GN	98	0.944	<0.0001
CERQ: refocus on planning	GM	105	0.968	0.012
	DM	103	0.971	0.021
	GN	98	0.896	<0.0001
CERQ: positive reappraisal	GM	105	0.970	0.018
	DM	103	0.924	<0.0001
	GN	98	0.876	<0.0001
CERQ: putting into perspective	GM	105	0.944	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.972	0.029
	GN	98	0.840	<0.0001
CERQ: catastrophizing	GM	105	0.637	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.866	<0.0001
	GN	98	0.888	<0.0001
CERQ: blaming others	GM	105	0.915	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.917	<0.0001
	GN	98	0.831	<0.0001
NEO-FFI: neuroticism	GM	105	0.882	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.928	0.041
	GN	98	0.949	0.001
NEO-FFI: extraversion	GM	105	0.949	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.937	<0.0001
	GN	98	0.858	<0.0001
NEO-FFI: openness to experience	GM	105	0.905	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.951	0.001
	GN	98	0.877	<0.0001
NEO-FFI: agreeableness	GM	105	0.957	0.002
	DM	103	0.892	<0.0001
	GN	98	0.932	<0.0001
NEO-FFI: conscientiousness	GM	105	0.946	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.766	<0.0001
	GN	98	0.946	<0.0001
EQ	GM	105	0.888	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.957	0.002
	GN	98	0.962	0.006
RMET	GM	105	0.888	<0.0001
	DM	103	0.847	<0.0001
	GN	98	0.803	<0.0001

Abbreviations: GM, general medicine; DM, dental medicine; GN, general nursing; CERQ, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire; NEO-FFI, Neuroticism–Extraversion–Openness to Experience Five-Factor Inventory; EQ, empathy quotient; RMET, Reading the Mind in the Eyes test.

Table 2 Sample characteristics

Sample characteristics	GM students		DM students		GN students
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Gender
Males	32	30.5	42	40.8	15	15.3
Females	73	69.5	61	59.2	83	84.7
Age in years, median (range)	25 (24–28)		23 (22–29)		22 (22–35)

Abbreviations: GM, general medicine; DM, dental medicine; GN, general nursing.

Table 3 Median scores (and extreme values) obtained by the three student samples

Scale	Scale dimensions	GM students		DM students		GN students
		Males (N=32)	Females (N=73)	Males (N=42)	Females (N=61)	Males (N=15)	Females (N=83)
CERQ	Self-blame	7 (4–15)	7 (4–20)	8 (4–15)	9 (4–12)	7 (5–20)	8 (4–20)
	Acceptance	10 (5–13)	10 (7–19)	10.5 (9–13)	11 (7–13)	11 (9–14)	10 (8–15)
	Rumination	10 (4–13)	9 (4–20)	9.5 (5–17)	11 (4–20)	10 (5–13)	10 (7–15)
	Positive refocusing	10.5 (4–13)	11 (4–13)	9 (4–17)	11 (4–18)	9 (5–14)	10 (7–15)
	Refocus on planning	12 (5–20)	12 (4–20)	12 (7–19)	12 (8–20)	12 (9–18)	12 (8–20)
	Positive reappraisal	11 (4–20)	12 (4–20)	11 (8–17)	12 (8–20)	12 (8–18)	11 (8–20)
	Putting into perspective	13 (6–19)	11 (9–19)	12.5 (4–19)	12 (4–19)	12 (10–20)	11 (9–20)
	Catastrophizing	6 (4–8)	6 (4–20)	5 (4–11)	6 (4–15)	5 (4–10)	6 (4–11)
	Blaming others	13 (9–20)	11 (7–20)	7 (4–9)	7 (4–9)	5 (4–9)	5 (4–9)
NEO-FFI	Neuroticism	22 (13–38)	23 (13–58)	21.5 (4–38)	23 (7–39)	17 (8–37)	18 (4–39)
	Extraversion	28.5 (16–42)	29 (14–44)	27 (19–45)	28 (20–42)	31 (17–36)	29 (17–39)
	Openness to experience	28 (5–43)	30 (5–43)	29 (17–49)	28 (16–53)	28 (12–36)	30 (13–39)
	Agreeableness	29 (15–45)	29 (10–46)	29 (12–39)	29 (13–53)	39 (27–57)	45 (17–59)
	Conscientiousness	30 (21–41)	33 (15–57)	30 (24–56)	30 (25–57)	32 (28–41)	34 (24–57)
RMET (correct answers)		23.5 (13–33)	30 (15–34)	24.5 (22–35)	27 (22–35)	26 (25–33)	27 (25–36)
EQ		27.5 (24–45)	33 (24–59)	32 (15–54)	39 (15–59)	41 (23–55)	46 (26–59)

Abbreviations: GM, general medicine; DM, dental medicine; GN, general nursing; CERQ, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire; NEO-FFI, Neuroticism–Extraversion–Openness to Experience Five-Factor Inventory; RMET, Reading the Mind in the Eyes test; EQ, empathy quotient.

Table 4 Results of the Kruskal–Wallis test for differences in scale scores

Variables	Dimensions for each study variable	Kruskal–Wallis H	p-value
CERQ	Self-blame	6.243	0.063
	Acceptance	4.961	0.084
	Rumination	1.553	0.460
	Positive refocusing	0.866	0.649
	Refocus on planning	0.745	0.689
	Positive reappraisal	0.016	0.992
	Putting into perspective	1.349	0.509
	Catastrophizing	0.706	0.703
	Blaming others	223.643	<0.0001**
NEO-FFI	Neuroticism	8.737	0.013*
	Extraversion	2.284	0.319
	Openness to experience	0.325	0.850
	Agreeableness	68.553	<0.0001**
	Conscientiousness	4.885	0.071
RMET		7.929	0.019*
EQ		58.344	<0.0001**

Notes:

* p<0.05;

** p<0.001.

Abbreviations: GM, general medicine; DM, dental medicine; GN, general nursing; CERQ, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire; NEO-FFI, Neuroticism–Extraversion–Openness to Experience Five-Factor Inventory; RMET, Reading the Mind in the Eyes test; EQ, empathy quotient.