Head-to-head comparison of 1-year aripiprazole long-acting injectable (LAI) versus paliperidone LAI in comorbid psychosis and substance use disorder: impact on clinical status, substance craving, and quality of life

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline sociodemographic characteristics of the two samples and clinical characteristics across the study

Characteristic	AM (N=50)	PP (N=51)	Test (Student’s t, Mann–Whitney’s U [Z], or χ^2)	p-value
Sociodemographic				Cutoff p<0.05
Age (mean ± SD)	26.69±11.24	36.92±10.73	t=−3.323	0.001
Gender, male/female, n	46/5	40/11	χ^2=2.669	0.102
Clinical
Hospitalizations pretreatment (mean ± SD)	1.76±2.19	1.31±1.65	t=1.171	0.245
Hospitalizations posttreatment (mean ± SD)	0.10±0.30	0.24±0.46	t=−1.750	0.083
Diagnosis: schizophrenia/BD, n	40/10	50/1	χ^2=0.8681	0.003
Use of cannabis/cannabis + other substances, n	26/25	20/31	χ^2=0.1425	0.233
Clinical measures				Cutoff p<0.007
Baseline (mean ± SD)
CGIs	5.86±0.35	5.67±0.48	Z=1.795	0.072
VAScrav	8.94±1.32	8.20±1.80	t=2.385	0.019
QoL physical	54.20±16.07	53.75±18.30	t=0.132	0.895
QoL psychological	48.61±19.13	49.64±20.98	t=0.419	0.676
QoL social	49.02±17.42	45.96±11.48	t=−0.960	0.339
QoL environment	54.37±14.18	58.39±11.47	t=1.568	0.120
1-year follow-up (mean ± SD)
CGIs	2.44±0.705	2.60±0.782	Z=−0.894	0.373
VAScrav	2.80±1.818	5.08±2.869	t=4.756	<0.00001
QoL physical	82.00±12.730	66.26±18.897	t=−4.901	<0.00001
QoL psychological	82.62±16.560	60.27±23.625	t=−5.494	<0.00001
QoL social relationships	81.02±17.030	65.41±18.191	t=−4.449	0.000023
QoL environment	85.44±12.430	71.04±16.927	t=−4.866	<0.00001

Note: Significant results are represented in bold characters.

Abbreviations: AM, aripiprazole monohydrate; BD, bipolar disorder; CGIs, Clinical Global Impressions – Severity; PP, paliperidone palmitate; VAScrav, visual analog scale for substance craving; QoL, quality of life.

Table 2 Forward stepwise logistic regression

Model	Effects	−2 log likelihood of reduced model	χ^2,a	df	p-value
0	Intercept	28.618
1	Age (years)	90.469	61.851	29	0.000
2	Diagnosis	41.372	12.754	1	0.000
3	VAScrav	55.389	26.771	6	0.000

Notes: Stepwise method: forward entry. Significant results are represented in bold characters.

a χ² for data entry is based on the likelihood ratio test.

Abbreviations: df, degrees of freedom; VAScrav, visual analog scale for substance craving.

Table 3 Three-way analysis of variance

Origin	Type III sum of squares	df	Mean square	F	p-value
Correct model	6.833a	7	0.976	4.915	0.000
Intercept	36.451	1	36.451	183.549	0.000
Age	1.317	1	1.317	6.632	0.012
Diagnosis	0.048	1	0.048	1.242	0.624
VAScrav	0.838	2	0.419	2.110	0.127
Age × diagnosis	0.305	1	0.305	1.536	0.218
Age × VAScrav	0.000	0
Diagnosis × VAScrav	0.387	2	0.193	0.974	0.381
Age × diagnosis × VAScrav	0.000	0	0.193	0.974	0.381
Error	18.667	94	0.199
Total	255.000	102
Adjusted total	25.500	101

Notes:

a R²=0.268 (adjusted =0.213). Significant results are represented in bold characters.

Abbreviations: df, degrees of freedom; VAScrav, visual analog scale for substance craving.

GreenAITohenMFHamerRMHGDH Research GroupFirst episode schizophrenia-related psychosis and substance use disorders: acute response to olanzapine and haloperidolSchizophr Res20046612513515061244

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