SDF1-3′A polymorphism is associated with increased risk of hematological malignancy: a meta-analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1 Flow diagram of the study selection process.

Abbreviation: CNKI, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure.

Table 1 Main characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis

Studies	Country	Ethnicity	Number (case/control)	Age, years (case)	Male % (case)	Study type	Tumor type	Genotype method	NOS score	HWE test (control)
de Lourdes Perim et al^Citation23	Brazil	Caucasian	54/58	7.31	53.7	Case-control study	ALL	PCR-RFLP	8	Yes
Ben Nasr et al^Citation24	Tunisia	African	246/165	41	55.3	Case-control study	MM/NHL/HL/AML	PCR-RFLP	7	Yes
Bracci et al^Citation25	America	Caucasian	255/511	60	66	Case-control study	NHL	PCR-RFLP	9	Yes
Pemberton et al^Citation20	UK	Caucasian	323/108	68	NA	Case-control study	MM/CLL	PCR-RFLP	8	Yes
de Oliveira et al^Citation26	Brazil	Caucasian	25/60	NA	56	Case-control study	CML	PCR-RFLP	8	Yes
El-Ghany et al^Citation28	Egypt	Caucasian	48/50	NA	NA	Case-control study	AML/CML	PCR-RFLP	8	Yes
Zheng et al^Citation29	China	Asian	466/460	48	46.4	Case-control study	AML	PCR-RFLP	9	Yes
Mazur et al^Citation27	Poland	Caucasian	53/75	58.5	42.6	Case-control study	MM	PCR-RFLP	8	Yes
de Oliveira et al^Citation21	Brazil	NA	106/187	NA	NA	Case-control study	HL/NHL	PCR-RFLP	8	Yes

Abbreviations: HWE, Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium; ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; HL, Hodgkin’s lymphoma; NHL, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma; MM, multiple myeloma; NA, not available; NOS, Newcastle–Ottawa Scale; PCR-RFLP, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Figure 2 Forest plot of SDF1-3′A polymorphism and the risk of hematological malignancy under a homozygote genetic model (AA vs GG).

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Table 2 Main results of the meta–analysis of the pooled OR

Variable	Cases/controls (n)	OR (95% CI) P-value
		Allele (A vs G)	Heterozygote (AG vs GG)	Homozygote (AA vs GG)	Dominant (AA/AG vs GG)	Recessive (AA vs AG/GG)
All subjects	1,576/1,674	1.234 (0.946–1.610)	1.442 (1.019–2.039)	1.263 (0.966–1.652)	1.319 (0.987–1.764)	1.339 (0.950–1.887)
		0.121	0.039a,*	0.088	0.062	0.096a
Ethnicity
Caucasian	758/844	1.210 (0.827–1.771)	1.529 (0.778–3.007)	1.187 (0.859–1.640)	1.256 (0.880–1.793)	1.404 (0.695–2.838)
		0.327	0.218a	0.299	0.210	0.344a
African	246/165	1.867 (1.368–2.548)	5.172 (1.895–14.122)	1.980 (1.311–2.992)	2.193 (1.466–3.281)	3.620 (1.357–9.660)
		0.000	0.000a	0.001	0.000	0.010a
Asian	466/460	0.291 (0.745–1.140)	0.940 (0.564–1.566)	0.876 (0.664–1.156)	0.887 (0.682–1.152)	0.986 (0.598–1.627)
		0.451	0.000a	0.088	0.368	0.956a
Tumor type
ALL	54/58	2.264 (1.097–4.665)	4.182 (0.416–42.000)	2.281 (0.953–5.462)	2.439 (1.055–5.642)	3.353 (0.338–33.259)
		0.029*	0.224	0.064	0.037*	0.301
CLL	126/108	0.608 (0.395–0.938)	0.496 (0.031–8.060)	0.762 (0.469–1.238)	0.762 (0.469–1.238)	0.548 (0.034–8.852)
		0.025*	0.622	0.272	0.272	0.672
AML	35/110	0.965 (0.791–1.176)	0.988 (0.604–1.618)	0.933 (0.722–1.206)	0.941 (0.738–1.201)	1.026 (0.633–1.663)
		0.721a	0.963a	0.595a	0.626a	0.918a
CML	35/110	2.303 (0.839–2.084)	5.832 (1.355–25.098)	2.631 (1.138–6.084)	2.910 (1.304–6.496)	3.866 (0.966–15.477)
		0.229a	0.018a,*	0.024a,*	0.009a,*	0.056a
NHL	499/675	1.263 (1.271–1.682)	1.057 (0.525–2.125)	1.525 (0.983–2.366)	1.477 (0.961–2.272)	0.903 (0.452–1.804)
		0.164a	0.877a	0.060	0.075	0.772a
HL	94/352	1.508 (1.050–2.166)	3.798 (1.628–8.858)	1.086 (0.658–1.792)	1.331 (0.836–2.119)	3.703 (1.619–8.467)
		0.026*	0.002a,*	0.747	0.228	0.002a,*
MM	265/348	1.204 (0.531–2.728)	6.107 (2.224–16.771)	1.344 (0.564–3.202)	1.432 (0.567–3.612)	4.038 (1.550–10.523)
		0.657	0.000a,*	0.504	0.447	0.004a,*

Notes:

a A fixed effects model was used when the P-value for Cochran’s Q test for heterogeneity was more than 0.1. Otherwise, a random effects model was used.

* P<0.05.

Abbreviations: ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; HL, Hodgkin’s lymphoma; NHL, non–Hodgkin’s lymphoma; MM, multiple myeloma; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Figure 3 Subgroup analysis of the association between SDF1-3′A polymorphism and the risk of hematological malignancy in different ethnicities under a homozygote genetic model (AA vs GG).

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; NA, not available.

Figure 4 Subgroup analysis of the association between SDF1-3′A polymorphism and the risk of different types of hematological malignancy under a homozygote genetic model (AA vs GG).

Abbreviations: ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; HL, Hodgkin’s lymphoma; NHL, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma; MM, multiple myeloma; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Figure 5 Sensitivity analysis of the relationships of SDF1-3′A polymorphism with the risk of hematological malignancy.

Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.

Figure 6 Funnel plot of SDF1-3′A polymorphism and the risk of hematological malignancy under a homozygote genetic model (AA vs GG).

Abbreviations: SE, standard error; OR, odds ratio.

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