Niosomal drug delivery for transdermal targeting: recent advances

Figures & data

Figure 1 Schematic representation of a niosomal vesicle.

Table 1 Niosomes versus liposomes: a summary

	Niosomes	Liposomes
Components	Surfactants	Phospholipids
Component availability	High	Low
Component purity	Good	Variable
Preparation and storage	No special conditions required	Inert atmosphere and low temperature
Stability	Very good	Low
Cost	Low	High

Figure 2 Dermal drug delivery systems and transdermal drug delivery system.

Abbreviations: DDDS, Dermal drug delivery systems; TDDS, transdermal drug delivery systems.

Figure 3 Mechanisms of action of niosomes as skin drug delivery systems.

Table 2 Summary of recent niosomal formulations developed for drug transdermal delivery

TDDS	Drug	Reference
Niosomes	Aceclofenac	12
	Diclofenac sodium	41
	Ketoprofen	43
	Baclofen	47
	Salidroside	48
	Capsaicin	49
	Resveratrol, alpha-tocopherol, curcumin	50
	Alpha-tocopherol	57
Niosomal gel	Aceclofenac	37
	Meloxicam	38, 39
	Rofecoxib	42
	Simvastatin	53
	Sulfadiazine sodium, propranolol hydrochloride, tyrosol	35
	Lopinavir	36
Elastic vesicles	Sulfadiazine sodium	56
Elastic vesicle gel	Diclofenac diethylammonium	40
	Papain	51
Proniosomes	vinpocetine	42
	Simvastatin	52
	Nisoldipine	54
	Nifedipine	55
Proniosomal gel	Tenoxicam	44
	Flurbiprofen	45

Abbreviation: TDDS, transdermal drug delivery systems.