Experience with DPP-4 inhibitors in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes fasting during Ramadan

Figures & data

Table 1 Experience with DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with T2DM fasting during Ramadan

Study	Design	Countries	Number of patients included in analysis	Symptomatic hypoglycemic eventsa	HbA1c BL mean Change pre- to post-Ramadan
Sitagliptin
Al Sifri et al^Citation21	Randomized, open-label, pragmatic study (Patients treated with SU ± Met were given Sita ± Met/pre-study SU ± Met during the study)	Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates	1,021	Sita: 6.7% SU: 13.2%  Gliclazide: 6.6%  Glimepiride: 12.4%  Glibenclamide: 19.7%	BL: 7.5%   NA
Aravind et al^Citation22	Randomized, open-label, pragmatic study (Patients treated with SU ± Met were given Sita ± Met/re-study SU ± Met during the study)	India, Malaysia	848	Sita: 3.8% SU: 7.3%  Gliclazide: 1.8%  Glibenclamide: 5.2%  Glimepiride: 9.1%	BL: 8.0%   NA
Vildagliptin
Devendra et al^Citation23	Non-randomized, open-label, observational study (Patients treated with Met and prescribed Vilda or Gliclazide as add-on therapy prior to inclusion into the study)	United Kingdom (Middle Eastern, Pakistani, and other origin)	52	Vilda: 7.7% Gliclazide: 61.5%	BL: 9.0%   Vilda:−1.3% (add-on) Gliclazide:−1.2% (add-on)
Hassanein et al^Citation24 Hanif et al^Citation25	Nonrandomized, open-label, observational study (Patients prescribed Vilda/Gliclazide + Met before study start; treatment continued during the study)	UK (South Asian origin)	59	Vilda: 0.0% Gliclazide: 41.7%	BL: 7.4%   Vilda: −0.4% Gliclazide:+0.1%
Shete et al^Citation26	Nonrandomized, open-label, observational study (Patients prescribed Vilda/SU ± Met before study start; treatment continued during the study)	India	97	Vilda: 0.0% SU: 4.8%	BL: 8.7%   Vilda: −0.4% SU: +0.0%
Halimi et al^Citation28	Nonrandomized, open-label, observational study (Patients prescribed Vilda/SU or glinide + Met before study start; treatment continued during the study)	France (Maghreb origin)	198	Vilda: 7.5%b SU: 17.9%b	BL: 7.2%   Vilda: 0.0% SU: 0.0%
Al-Arouj et al^Citation25	Nonrandomized, open-label, observational study (Patients prescribed Vilda/SU ± Met before study start; treatment continued during the study)	Bangladesh, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Pakistan	1,315	Vilda: 5.4% SU: 19.8%  Glipizide: 12.5%  Glimepiride: 17.9%  Gliclazide: 19.2%  Glibenclamide: 31.8%	BL: 7.4%   Vilda: −0.2% SU: +0.0%

Notes:

a Symptoms with or without confirmatory blood glucose

b hypoglycemia documented as adverse event.

Abbreviations: BL, baseline; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; HbA_1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; Met, metformin; NA, not assessed; Sita, sitagliptin; SU, sulfonylurea; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; Vilda, vildagliptin.

Al SifriSBasiounnyAEchtayAThe incidence of hypoglycaemia in Muslim patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sitagliptin or a sulphonylurea during Ramadan: a randomised trialInt J Clin Pract20116511132114021951832

 PubMedGoogle Scholar

AravindSRIsmailSBBalamuruganRHypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes from India and Malaysia treated with sitagliptin or a sulfonylurea during Ramadan: a randomized, pragmatic studyCurr Med Res Opin20122881289129622738801

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

DevendraDGohelBBravisVVildagliptin therapy and hypoglycaemia in Muslim type 2 diabetes patients during RamadanInt J Clin Pract200963101446145019678856

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

HassaneinMHanifWMalikWComparison of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor vildagliptin and the sulphonylurea gliclazide in combination with metformin, in Muslim patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan: results of the VECTOR studyCurr Med Res Opin20112771367137421568833

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

HanifWMalikWHassaneinMTreatment adherence with vildagliptin compared to sulphonylurea as add-on to metformin in Muslim patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during RamadanCurr Med Res Opin201329780781123659561

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

SheteAVVIndian Ramadan study groupReal life experience of usage of vildagliptin versus sulfonylurea therapy in fasting patients with type 2 diabetes during Ramadan: an Indian experienceDiabetologia201154Suppl 1S342S343

 Google Scholar

HalimiSLevyMHuetDQuereSDejagerSExperience with vildagliptin in type 2 diabetic patients fasting during ramadan in France: insights from the VERDI studyDiabetes Ther Epub8312013

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar