Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Diagnosis in Routine Clinical Practice

Figures & data

Table 1. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics.

Baseline characteristic	n = 462
Age (years)
Mean (SD)	65.2 (9.7)
Median (25th percentile, 75th percentile)	64.5 (59, 71)
Gender (male), n (%)	352 (76.2%)
Race, n (%)
Black or African–American	94 (20.4%)
White	260 (56.3%)
Other ^†	27 (5.9%)
Unknown	81 (17.5%)
Index year, n (%)
2014	66 (14.3%)
2015	60 (13.0%)
2016	92 (19.9%)
2017	122 (26.4%)
2018	110 (23.8%)
2019	12 (2.6%)
BMI ^‡ ^, ^§
Mean (SD)	29.2 (6.2)
Median (25th percentile, 75th percentile)	28.2 (24.8, 32.8)
Sum of Elixhauser comorbidities ^¶ ^, ^#
Mean (SD)	3.7 (2.4)
Median (25th percentile, 75th percentile)	3 (2, 5)
Elixhauser comorbidities in ≥10% of patients ^¶ ^, ^# , n (%)
Cardiac arrhythmia	34 (10.9%)
Hypertension uncomplicated	101 (32.3%)
Hypertension complicated	37 (11.8%)
Chronic pulmonary disease	43 (13.7%)
Diabetes uncomplicated	41 (13.1%)
Diabetes complicated	50 (16.0%)
Renal failure	37 (11.8%)
Liver disease	287 (91.7%)
Coagulopathy	44 (14.1%)
Obesity	47 (15.0%)
Fluid and electrolyte disorders	65 (20.8%)
Alcohol abuse	102 (32.6%)
Drug abuse	32 (10.2%)
Depression	65 (20.8%)
Other general comorbidities ^¶ , n (%)
Acute myocardial infarction	8 (1.7%)
Stroke/transient ischemic attack	2 (0.4%)
Etiology/complications of the hepatic disease ^¶ , n (%)
Ascites	131 (28.4%)
Encephalopathy	14 (3.0%)
Hepatitis B	22 (4.8%)
Hepatitis C	248 (53.7%)
Proteinuria	2 (0.4%)
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis	48 (10.4%)
Tumor-specific characteristics (at diagnosis)
AJCC TNM classification system, n (%)
I	216 (46.8%)
II	84 (18.2%)
III	47 (10.2%)
IV	27 (5.8%)
Unspecified/unknown	88 (19.1%)
Child-Pugh classification, n (%)
Class A	155 (33.6%)
Class B	83 (18.0%)
Class C	62 (13.4%)
Unknown ^††	162 (35.1%)

† Includes Asian, American–Indian, Alaskan Native and any other values.

‡ As of the closest record to ±30 days of the index diagnosis date.

§ Provided BMI was reported; calculated BMI was close to provided BMI for majority of the patients.

¶ Comorbidities were captured over the 6-month pre- and 2-month post-index period.

# Results are reported for the n=313 (67.8%) patients who had data over the 6-month pre-index period.

†† Patients with missing/invalid bilirubin, albumin and/or prothrombin time laboratory result within ±60 days of index diagnosis date.

AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; SD: Standard deviation; TNM: Tumor node metastasis.

Figure 1. Treatment patterns and Child-Pugh Classification results.

(A) First recorded treatment. (B) First recorded locoregional therapy. (C) Child-Pugh classification at diagnosis by first recorded treatment. (D) First recorded treatment by Child-Pugh classification at diagnosis.

EBRT: External beam radiation therapy; LR: Locoregional; TAE: Transarterial embolization.

Figure 2. Sankey diagram.

Patients who were alive but had <6 months of follow-up from last treatment were censored. Patients who were alive and had data for ≥6 months from last treatment, but no recorded treatments were classified as ‘no treatment’.

1L: First line; 2L: Second line; 3L: Third line; LR: Locoregional; TX: Treatment.