Assessment of professionalism: A consolidation of current thinking

Figures & data

Figure 1. House's PSSP model.

Table

Practice points

The assessment of professionalism is an evolving field. Professionalism as a multi-dimensional construct the assessment of which requires a combination of approaches at individual, interpersonal and societal/institutional levels. Assessment should be longitudinal and provide feedback to learners Feedback, encouraging reflection, promotes change in behaviour and identity formation.

Box 1 Assessment tools for measuring professionalism

Observed clinical encounters

Mini-CEX

Professionalism Mini-Evaluation Exercise

Standardised Direct Observation assessment Tool

Collated views of co-workers

360 Degree evaluation

Records of incidents of professional lapses

Incident reporting form

Critical incident reports

Simulations

Ethical dilemmas in high-fidelity patient simulations

OSCE

Paper-based tests

Defining Issues Test

Objective Structured Video Examination

Critical Incident report

MCQ

Patient surveys

Patient assessment questionnaire

Simulated patient rating scales

Humanism scale

RCP Patient Questionnaire

Global observer ratings

Global Rating form

University of Michigan Department of Surgery Professionalism Assessment Instrument

EPRO-GP

Amsterdam attitudes and communication scale

Self administered rating scales

Time Management Inquiry Form

Pharmacy Professionalism Instrument

Groningen Reflection Ability Scale

Cross-cultural adaptability inventory

Cultural competence self-assessment questionnaire

Interpersonal Reactivity Index

Penn State College of Medicine Professionalism Questionnaire

Figure 2. Miller's learning pyramid.