Adding intensity-modulated radiotherapy to the pelvis does not worsen the adverse effect profiles compared to limited field radiotherapy in men with prostate cancer at 12-month follow-up

Figures & data

Figures 1–6. Mean scores of function and bother in the IMRT and RAD groups.

Figures 7–9. Representing proportion reaching PBS-90 of function.

Figures 10–12. Representing proportion reaching PBS-100 of bother.

Table I. Demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline of the IMRT sample (N = 90) and the RAD sample (N = 180).

Variables	IMRT (N = 90)	RAD (N = 180)	p-value	Effect size
Age at survey, years, mean (SD)	65.9 (5.8)	65.9 (5.4)	1.00
Paired relation, N (%) Non-paired	79 (88) 11 (12)	160 (89) 20 (11)	0.79
≤ 12 years of education, N (%) > 12 years of education	54 (50) 36 (40)	92 (52) 85 (48)	0.21
Currently working, N (%) Retired/disability pension	37 (41) 53 (59)	53 (30) 126 (70)	0.06
No comorbid disease, N (%) > 1 comorbid disease Diabetes Myocardiac infarction Asthma, chronic bronchitis	51 (57) 39 (43) 5 (6) 12 (13) 11 (12)	95 (54) 82 (46) 13 (8) 24 (14) 21 (13)	0.64 0.80 1.00 0.89
Current smoker, N (%)	20 (22)	25 (15)	0.08
Mental health, mean (SD) Total fatigue Anxiety Depression	13.5 (3.7) 4.4 (2.8) 3.1 (2.1)	13.4 (3.9) 5.9 (2.3) 3.5 (3.0)	0.84 < 0.001 0.26	0.61
Quality of life, mean (SD) Physical PCS-12 Mental MCS-12	48.4 (8.3) 53.1 (8.1)	49.0 (8.3) 51.6 (10.1)	0.58 0.22
PSA at diagnosis (ng/ml), mean (SD)	29.2 (19.8)	23.8 (13.9)	0.001	0.34
Clinical tumor stage, N (%) cT1-cT2 cT3-cT4	16 (18) 74 (82)	57 (32) 123 (68)	0.02	0.32
Gleason score, N (%) ≤ 6 7 > 7	3 (3) 36 (40) 51 (57)	23 (13) 108 (60) 49 (27)	< 0.001
Lymph nodes, N (%) pN1/Nx pN0/N0	52 (58) 38 (42)	7 (4) 173 (96)	< 0.001	2.15
Duration of ADT in months, mean (SD)	25.1 (9.2)	25.0 (11.4)	0.94

Table II. Mean function and bother scores of IMRT and RAD patients at baseline, 3- and 12-months follow-up.

	IMRT (N = 90)
Variables	Baseline Mean (SD)	3 months Mean (SD)	12 months Mean (SD)	p-values < 0.05 over time
Urinary function total Sexual function total Bowel function total Urinary bother Sexual bother Bowel bother	81.6 (14.8) 48.2 (28.9) 89.9 (12.8) 74.4 (31.2) 62.7 (34.3) 89.4 (19.3)	75.7 (18.9) 11.0 (17.2) 78.3 (19.9) 68.4 (34.6) 45.2 (38.5) 65.3 (32.0)	75.7 (17.5) 9.1 (16.0) 80.9 (17.9) 77.3 (27.9) 43.4 (41.3) 70.1 (29.2)	Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 vs. 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months
	RAD (N = 180)
Urinary function total Sexual function total Bowel function total Urinary bother Sexual bother Bowel bother	94.3 (10.8) 49.7 (26.0) 91.7 (9.7) 85.6 (23.3) 61.4 (34.5) 89.9 (19.8)	91.4 (13.8) 14.0 (18.4) 88.4 (13.4) 81.1 (25.2) 40.4 (37.6) 82.1 (25.1)	86.3 (16.9) 8.3 (13.3) 85.6 (13.8) 79.9 (26.4) 39.6 (37.7) 73.3 (27.6)	Baseline vs. 3 vs. 12 months Baseline vs. 3 vs. 12 months Baseline vs. 3 vs. 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 vs. 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months
p-values < 0.05 between groups	Urinary function Urinary bother	Urinary function Bowel function Urinary bother Bowel bother	Urinary function Bowel function

Table III. Return rates to 90% baseline score for functions and 100% bother scores in IMRT and RAD patients at 3- and 12-months follow-up.

	IMRT (N = 90)
Variables	Baseline N	3 months Ratio (%)	12 months Ratio (%)	p-values < 0.05 over time
90% Urinary function 90% Sexual function 90% Bowel function 100% Urinary bother 100% Sexual bother 100% Bowel bother	87 60 89 84 78 89	63/87 (72) 2/58 (3) 50/87 (57) 52/81 (64) 32/74 (43) 38/87 (44)	53/85 (62) 2/59 (3) 52/87 (60) 62/81 (77) 34/75 (45) 41/87 (47)	Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months
	RAD (N = 180)
90% Urinary function 90% Sexual function 90% Bowel function 100% Urinary bother 100% Sexual bother 100% Bowel bother	172 131 180 176 153 179	138/172 (80) 13/128 (2) 134/176 (76) 121/168 (72) 57/148 (39) 125/175 (71)	108/169 (64) 1/126 (1) 119/174 (68) 120/168 (71) 63/147 (43) 88/173 (51)	Baseline vs. 3 vs. 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 vs. 12 months
p-values < 0.05 between groups		Bowel bother

Table IV. Psychosocial scores in IMRT and RAD patients at baseline, 3- and 12-month follow-up.

	IMRT (N = 90)
Variables	Baseline Mean (SD)	3 months Mean (SD)	12 months Mean (SD)	p-values < 0.05 over time
HADS – Anxiety HADS – Depression Total Fatigue PCS-12 MCS-12	4.4 (2.8) 3.1 (2.2) 13.4 (3.8) 49.1 (7.9) 53.2 (8.1)	3.9 (3.1) 3.2 (2.9) 16.4 (4.9) 54.5 (3.8) 59.5 (3.7)	3.8 (3.6) 3.2 (3.3) 16.0 (4.8) 50.2 (6.3) 60.7 (6.0)	Baseline vs. 3 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months 3 months vs. baseline and 12 months Baseline vs. 3 and 12 months
	RAD (N = 180)
HADS – Anxiety HADS – Depression Total Fatigue PCS-12 MCS-12	5.9 (2.3) 3.6 (3.1) 13.4 (3.9) 48.7 (8.3) 51.9 (9.6)	5.7 (2.4) 3.3 (3.1) 15.3 (4.4) 49.8 (6.6) 54.5 (6.2)	5.5 (2.3) 3.4 (3.3) 16.1 (4.6) 50.9 (6.0) 60.4 (4.1)	Baseline vs. 12 months Baseline vs. 3 months vs. 12 months Baseline vs. 3 months vs. 12 months Baseline vs. 3 months vs. 12 months
p-values < 0.05 between groups	HADS – Anxiety	HADS – Anxiety PCS-12 MCS-12	HADS – Anxiety