Incidence of diabetes and serum adipokines in Catalonian men. The ADIPOCAT study

Figures & data

Table I. Mean (± standard deviation) or median (interquartile range) of baseline characteristics in men aged 35–69 years by incident diabetes in the ADIPOCAT study.

Parameter	Diabetes	No diabetes	P value^a
Number	85	799
Age (years)	50.9 ± 8.1	49.7 ± 9.0	ns
School (years)	6.1 ± 4.3	7.4 ± 5.0	0.015
Height (cm)	167.3 ± 5.9	167.2 ± 6.7	ns
Weight (kg)	78.5 ± 9.6	72.0 ± 10.3	< 0.0001
BMI (kg/m^2)	28.1 ± 3.1	25.7 ± 3.1	< 0.0001
SBP (mmHg)	129.8 ± 15.0	123.9 ± 17.6	0.003
DBP (mmHg)	79.0 ± 10.6	74.8 ± 10.7	0.001
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.5 (1.1–2.3)	1.2 (0.9–1.7)	< 0.0001
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	6.1 ± 1.0	5.8 ± 1.1	0.010
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.1 ± 0.3	1.2 ± 0.4	0.008
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	6.0 ± 0.5	5.4 ± 0.5	< 0.0001
Insulin (mUI/L)	11.7 (7.6–16.5)	9.1 (6.6–12.5)	< 0.0001
Adiponectin (μg/mL)	14.5 (10.9–20.4)	19.6 (14.0–27.8)	< 0.0001
Leptin (ng/mL)	7.2 (4.8–10.8)	4.2 (2.2–7.2)	< 0.0001
hs-CRP (mg/L)	1.30 (0.7–3.30)	1.20 (0.6–2.6)	0.026

^aP values for linear trend.

Table II. Baseline characteristics by quartiles of adiponectin in non-diabetic men aged 35–69 in the ADIPOCAT study.

	Quartile 1	Quartile 2	Quartile 3	Quartile 4	P value^a
n	221	221	222	221
Cut-off values for adiponectin (μg/mL)	< 13.3	13.3–19.2	19.2–27.2	> 27.2
Age (years)	48.6 ± 9.2	49.7 ± 8.7	49.8 ± 9.0	51.1 ± 8.6	0.041
School (years)	7.3 ± 4.8	7.1 ± 5.4	7.4 ± 5.1	7.3 ± 4.5	0.971
Height (cm)	169 ± 6.2	167 ± 6.6	167 ± 6.6	167 ± 6.8	0.001
Weight (kg)	76.2 ± 9.8	74.2 ± 9.3	71.3 ± 10.8	69.3 ± 10.2	0.0001
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.8 ± 3.20	26.7 ± 2.80	25.5 ± 3.22	25.0 ± 3.24	0.0001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	125 ± 16.5	127 ± 17.8	123 ± 18.8	123 ± 16.4	0.164
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	76 ± 11.0	78 ± 10.5	74 ± 11.1	73 ± 10.1	0.001
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.5 (1.0–2.5)	1.3 (1.0–1.9)	1.1 (0.8–1.5)	1.1 (0.8–1.5)	0.000
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	5.9 ± 1.20	5.9 ± 0.99	5.6 ± 1.05	5.8 ± 1.06	0.131
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.10 ± 0.30	1.14 ± 0.33	1.21 ± 0.32	1.33 ± 0.43	0.000
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	5.5 ± 0.52	5.5 ± 0.50	5.4 ± 0.50	5.4 ± 0.49	0.0001
Insulin (μU/mL)	10.5 (8.1–14.7)	9.9 (7.1–13.6)	8.9 (6.4–11.5)	7.6 (5.9–10.4)	0.002
Adiponectin (μg/mL)	10.6 (8.9–12.0)	16.1 (14.8–7.3)	22.7 (20.6–25.0)	33.1 (29.1–37.9)	0.0001
Leptin (ng/mL)	4.9 (3.0–7.8)	5.3 (3.3–8.6)	3.9 (2.0–7.2)	3.4 (1.3–6.4)	0.003
hs-CRP (mg/L)	1.3 (0.7–2.6)	1.2 (0.7–2.6)	1.1 (0.6–2.4)	1.2 (0.6–2.9)	0.074

Data are mean ± SD, or median (interquartile range).

^aP value for linear trend.

Figure 1. Incidence rates of diabetes in men aged 35–69 years in the ADIPOCAT study (a) by BMI categories (kg/m²); (b) by quartiles of serum adiponectin(μg/mL).

Table III. Cox proportional hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals between BMI and incident diabetes in men aged 35–69 years in the ADIPOCAT study.

Model 1	adjusted by age and log-leptin	1.14 (1.07–1.22)
Model 2	adjusted by age and log-adiponectin	1.15 (1.08–1.22)
Model 3	adjusted by age, log-leptin, and log-adiponectin	1.11 (1.04–1.19)
Model 4	model 3 plus log-insulin and years of school	1.09 (1.03–1.19)
Model 5	model 4 plus DBP, HDL-cholesterol, and log-triglycerides	1.09 (1.02–1.18)
Model 6	model 3 plus fasting glucose and years of school	1.10 (1.03–1.18)
Model 7	model 6 plus DBP, HDL-cholesterol, and log-triglycerides	1.09 (1.02–1.17)

Table IV. Cox proportional hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals between serum adiponectin and incident diabetes in men aged 35–69 years in the ADIPOCAT study.

Model 1	adjusted by age and BMI	0.22 (0.08–0.62)
Model 2	adjusted by age, BMI, and log-leptin	0.22 (0.08–0.61)
Model 3	model 2 plus log-insulin and years of school	0.25 (0.09–0.70)
Model 4	model 3 plus DBP, HDL-cholesterol, and log-triglycerides	0.24 (0.08–0.72)
Model 5	model 2 plus fasting glucose and years of school	0.41 (0.15–1.16)
Model 6	model 5 plus DBP, HDL-cholesterol, and log-triglycerides	0.47 (0.16–1.40)