Red cell distribution width and inflammation in patients with non-dipper hypertension

Figures & data

Table I. Patient characteristics.

	Dippers (n = 127)	Non-dippers (n = 120)	p-value
Age (years)	52.7 ± 12.9	54.1 ± 13.3	0.106
Women, n (%)	63 (49.6%)	66 (55%)	0.073
Current smoker, n (%)	27 (21.1%)	31 (25.8%)	0.213
Body mass index, kg/m^2	27.5 ± 4.1	28.3 ± 4.8	0.162
In office SBP, mmHg	141.1 ± 9.3	145.3 ± 11.1	0.012
In office DBP, mmHg	90.3 ± 6.3	93.8 ± 7.5	0.020
Medical treatment,%
ACE–ARB	53.3	57.4	0.461
Beta-blocker	19.5	23.9	0.345
Ca-channel blocker	33.3	38.4	0.328
Diuretics	51.4	56.6	0.298
Other drugs	9.3	12.1	0.282
Fasting glucose, mg/dl	92 (89–95)	94 (90–98)	0.09
Creatinine, mg/dl	0.81 (0.76–0.87)	0.83 (0.78–0.88)	0.143
Fasting lipid status, mg/dl
Total cholesterol	200.7 ± 37.4	202.1 ± 39.3	0.214
HDL-cholesterol	43 (38–51)	41(36–49)	0.085
LDL-cholesterol	120.3 ± 35.8	126.1 ± 33.9	0.04
Triglycerides	146 (101–182)	153(107–192)	0.219
Hemoglobin, g/l	14.5 ± 1.5	14.3 ± 1.6	0.129
MCV, fl	86.8 ± 5.1	87.1 ± 6.2	0.813
Platelet count, × 10^9/l	273.3 ± 60.5	267.8 ± 72.1	0.278
Total white blood cell count, × 10^9/l	7.5 ± 1.5	7.8 ± 2.1	0.09
RDW	13.0 (12.5–13.4)	14.6 (13.8–17.0)	<0.001
Hs-CRP, mg/l	2.7 ± 1.3	6.1 ± 2.1	<0.001

SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; RDW, red cell distribution width; Hs-CRP, high-sensitive C-reactive protein.

Table II. Blood pressure values of dipper and non-dipper groups.

	Dippers (n = 127)	Non-dippers (n = 120)	p-value
24-h Ambulatory SBP (mmHg)	131.8 ± 14.2	134.3 ± 17.4	0.211
24-h Ambulatory DBP (mmHg)	84.6 ± 11.1	85.6 ± 12.8	0.426
24-h mean BP (mmHg)	100.7 ± 6.4	105.7 ± 7.9	<0.001
Daytime SBP (mmHg)	135.5 ± 14.6	137.8 ± 17.5	0.418
Daytime DBP (mmHg)	87.7 ± 11.5	88.3 ± 13.2	0.303
Daytime mean BP (mmHg)	107.5 ± 7.8	108.8 ± 8.1	0.249
Night-time SBP (mmHg)	119.3 ± 13.9	132.4 ± 18.7	<0.001
Night-time DBP (mmHg)	73.0 ± 10.3	83.5 ± 12.9	<0.001
Night-time mean BP (mmHg)	89.3 ± 7.8	101.7 ± 7.8	<0.001

SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.

Figure 1. The positive correlation between red cell distribution width (RDW) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP).

Figure 2. The negative correlation between red cell distribution width (RDW) and nocturnal blood pressure fall. SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.

Figure 3. Receiver operating characteristic curve of red cell distribution width (RDW) for predicting non-dipping pattern in the study population. AUC, area under the curve.