Early death and CSF monoamine metabolites in schizophrenia spectrum psychosis

Figures & data

Table 1. Causes of death for patients below and above median split.

Causes of death	Deceased below median split ≤age 59.2, n	Deceased above median split >age 59.2, n
Cardiovascular	6	18
Cancer	11	6
Infectious	4	4
Gastrointestinal	3	5
Respiratory	2	2
Neurological	1	0
Accidents	6	0
Undetermined	3	0

Table 2. Lifetime diagnosis for patients above and below median split.

Lifetime diagnosis	Deceased below median split ≤age 59.2, n	Deceased above median split >age 59.2, n
Schizophrenia	29	20
Schizophreniform disorder	0	3
Schizoaffecive disorder	0	4
Psychosis not otherwise	3	3
specified
Personality disorder	1	0
Bipolar disorder	1	0
Delusional disorder	0	3
Other	2	2

Table 3. Statistical results analyzing (a) concentrations (nM) of the monoamine metabolites 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) and death by non-suicidal causes before and after the median age of death, and (b) age at death for attempters and non-attempters.

(a) Monoamine metabolite	Deceased before age 59.2 years	Deceased after age 59.2 years	Uncorrected statistics	Statistics corrected for age and height
5-HIAA (mean±s)	107±39	125±36	t=−2, df=1, P=0.04	t=0.34, df=3, P=0.74
HVA (mean±s)	177±82	240±111	t=−2.25, df=1, P=0.008	t=0.62, df=3, P=0.54
(b)	Age at death (mean±s)	Uncorrected statistics	Statistics corrected for age
Suicide attempt	56±14	t=2, df=1, P=0.046	t=−0.48, df=2, P=0.6
No suicide attempt	64±14

s, standard deviation.