Comparison of the Efficacy of Melatonin and 1400W on Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: A Role for Inhibiting iNOS

Figures & data

Table 1  Biochemical evaluation of serum for each group

	Creatinine (mg/dL)	BUN (mg/dL)	AST (IU/L)
Control (n = 8)	0.8 ± 0.3	32 ± 5	145 ± 36
I/R (n = 8)	1.7 ± 0.5^‡^§	65 ± 6^‡^§	214 ± 53^‡^§
I/R + melatonin (n = 8)	1.1 ± 0.4^†^§	47 ± 8^†^§	186 ± 76^†
I/R + 1400W (n = 8)	1.3 ± 0.6^†^‡	56 ± 7^†^‡	180 ± 84^†

*Significantly different from control.

^†Significantly different from I/R group.

^‡Significantly different from I/R + M group.

^§Significantly different from I/R + 1400W group.

Table 2  Biochemichal evaluation of kidney for each groups

	MDA (nmol/g-protein)	PCC (nmol/g-protein)	NOx (μmol/g-tissue)	SOD (U/g-protein)	GSH-Px (U/g-protein)
Control (n = 8)	0.61 ± 0.10	46.3 ± 4.1	52.2 ± 4.5	1432 ± 215	5.27 ± 1.8
I/R (n = 8)	1.35 ± 0.32^‡^§	94.8 ± 6.4^‡^§	82.2 ± 7.6^‡^§	2352 ± 285^‡^§	9.51 ± 2.4^‡^§
I/R+melatonin (n = 8)	0.94 ± 0.42^†^§	67.5 ± 4.9^§	65.2 ± 6.3	1745 ± 282^†^§	7.35 ± 2.3^†
I/R+1400W (n = 8)	1.12 ± 0.52*^†‡	84.3 ± 3.8^†^‡	68.4 ± 5.7^†	1934 ± 317^†^‡	7.44 ± 2.8^†

*Significantly different from control.

†Significantly different from I/R group.

^‡Significantly different from I/R + M group.

^§Significantly different from I/R + 1400W group.

Table 3  Histopathologic evaluation of kidney sections for each group

	Histopathologic scores of renal injury
Control (n = 8)	0 (0–0)
I/R (n = 8)	3 (2–4)^‡^§
I/R + melatonin (n = 8)	1 (1–2)^†
I/R + 1400W (n = 8)	1 (1–3)^†

*Significantly different from control.

^†Significantly different from I/R group.

^‡Significantly different from I/R + M group.

^§Significantly different from I/R + 1400W group.

Figure 1.  Representative histological photographs of kidney tissues from sham operated (control), renal ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury, renal ischemia reperfusion + melatonin (IR + Mel), and renal ischemia reperfusion + 1400W (IR + 1400W) groups. Kidney tissues were taken from cortex (right column) and medulla (left column). Upper row: Sham-operated animals show normal histological characteristic of glomeruli and tubules. Second row: Rats subjected to renal IR injury show marked necrosis with tubular dilation (D), swelling, luminal congestion, and medullar hemorrhage (H). Third row: Rats subjected to renal IR injury plus melatonin show moderate kidney damage and moderate dilatation (D) of the tubular structure. In comparison with the IR + Mel group, IR + 1400W group shows preservation of tissue histology of the kidney. (H&E, Scale bars: 50 micron).