Exercise-induced changes in renal URAT1 activity and expression in rats

Figures & data

TABLE 1. Studied parameters in rats from sedentary control, exercise, and hyperuricemia groups

Parameters	Control	Exercise	Hyperuricemia
MAP (mmHg)	95.20 ± 1.83	93.56 ± 2.3	100.5 ± 4.2
GFR (mL/min)	0.678 ± 0.13	0.615 ± 0.11	0.633 ± 0.03
RBF (mL/min)	5.69 ± 0.98	7.21 ± 1.09	6.09 ± 1.96
Urinary glucose (mg/dL)	0.8 ± 0.2	21.4 ± 2.2**	1.7 ± 1.0#
Urinary protein (mg/dL)	0.08 ± 0.07	0.53 ± 0.1**	0.08 ± 0.02#
Plasma glucose (mg/dL)	148.2 ± 5.9	103.5 ± 5.1	156.1 ± 17.6#
Plasma protein (g/dL)	1.51 ± 0.02	1.45 ± 0.02	1.44 ± 0.1
Plasma urate (mg/dL)	0.81 ± 0.03	1.22 ± 0.07**	1.95 ± 0.23***##
Urinary urate (mg/dL)	3.00 ± 0.39	4.80 ± 0.41**	7.29 ± 0.61***#

Notes: Values are the mean ± SEM (N = 10). Statistical differences from sedentary control; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, statistical differences from exercise group; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01.

TABLE 2. PT urate content in different protocols as defined detailed in the Material and Methods

PT urate content (μg/mg protein)	Control	Exercise	Hyperuricemia
Protocol (P0)	7.79 ± 1.85	6.06 ± 0.84	8.46 ± 1.69
Protocol (P1)	11.76 ± 2.93	10.53 ± 1.45	14.88 ± 1.99**
Protocol (P2)	7.45 ± 1.99	7.52 ± 1.06	6.79 ± 1.62
Protocol (P3)	8.67 ± 2.17	9.55 ± 1.32	9.79 ± 1.82
P1–P2 (OAT1-, OAT3-, and URAT1-mediated urate uptake)	4.30 ± 0.95	3.02 ± 0.46	7.51 ± 0.76**##
P3–P2 (URAT1-mediated urate uptake)	1.22 ± 0.22	2.03 ± 0.31	2.88 ± 0.23##
Basolateral urate uptake (Total urate uptake)-(URAT1 mediated urate uptake)	3.63 ± 0.64	1.20 ± 0.59	4.01 ± 0.92#

Notes: Values are the mean ± SEM (N = 8). Statistical differences from sedentary control; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Statistical differences from exercise group; ^#p < 0.01, ^##p < 0.001.

FIGURE 1. URAT1-mediated urate transport in PTs isolated from control, exhausted, and OA-treated rats. Values are the mean ± SEM. Statistical differences from control animals. *p < 0.05, statistical differences from exercise group; #p < 0.001.

FIGURE 2. Effect of heavy muscle activity on the mRNA levels of URAT1 in renal cortex from Wistar rats. Total RNA was generated from kidney cortex. RT-PCR against URAT1 and β-actin was performed as described in Materials and Methods. (A) Typical pattern of RT-PCR products. RT-PCR leads to products of the predicted lengths for URAT1 (231 bp), and β-actin (282 bp). (B) Effect of heavy muscle activity on the mRNA levels of URAT1. Amount of URAT1 mRNA signal normalized to the respective signal from β-actin. Data are mean ± SEM of measurements in five independent experiments each group. *p < 0.01 Statistical differences from control animals.

FIGURE 3. Effect of heavy muscle activity on the protein levels of URAT1 in renal cortex from Wistar rats. Total protein (50 μg) was gathered from kidney cortex. Western blot against URAT1 and β-actin was performed as described in Materials and Methods. (A) Western blot against URAT1 and β-actin. Antibody against URAT1 recognized a band in the range of 60 kDa, and the anti-β-actin antibody recognized a band at 45 kDa. (B) Effect of heavy muscle activity on the expression of URAT1. Amount of URAT1 western blot signal was normalized to the respective signal from β-actin. Data are mean ± SEM of measurements in five independent experiments each group. *p < 0.001 Statistical differences from control animals.