Effect of Stem Cell Factor and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-Induced Bone Marrow Stem Cell Mobilization on Recovery from Acute Tubular Necrosis in Rats

Figures & data

Figure 1. Peripheral blood CD34+ cell count in different time points.

Table 1. Renal injury index in each stem cell mobilizer group ().

Group	Time	Weight (g)	24 h UV (mL/day)	Upro. (mg/day)	Cr (μmol/L)	CCr (mL/min)	NAG (U/μmolCr)
Control	2d	219.02 ± 33.64	5.41 ± 0.89	10.53 ± 2.45	54.30 ± 8.50	0.201 ± 0.033	13.90 ± 3.62
	5d	239.31 ± 36.43	6.2 ± 0.99	10.50 ± 2.20	49.91 ± 9.32	0.225 ± 0.032	14.71 ± 2.94
	10d	263.45 ± 37.39	7.05 ± 1.06	10.63 ± 1.31	51.53 ± 3.90	0.223 ± 0.019	13.27 ± 2.67
	17d	288.62 ± 45.75	7.3 ± 1.18	9.63 ± 1.69	53.01 ± 10.59	0.224 ± 0.024	13.62 ± 1.84
	24d	300.43 ± 54.88	7.78 ± 1.37	9.89 ± 1.73	52.22 ± 9.66	0.223 ± 0.029	13.44 ± 2.64
	31d	311.80 ± 62.87	8.39 ± 1.64	9.75 ± 1.49	52.30 ± 15.54	0.229 ± 0.034	14.03 ± 3.05
ATN	2d	198.02 ± 24.84	12.41 ± 2.29	22.38 ± 5.15	64.47 ± 3.57	0.199 ± 0.022	33.82 ± 6.32
	5d	201.31 ± 26.43	14.21 ± 2.93	27.25 ± 7.23	225.55 ± 29.13	0.169 ± 0.024	227.66 ± 43.41
	10d	190.45 ± 24.39	18.05 ± 3.76	37.50 ± 8.89	365.45 ± 33.51	0.084 ± 0.020	297.59 ± 57.87
	17d	218.62 ± 35.75	16.3 ± 3.13	29.88 ± 8.22	170.77 ± 8.41	0.060 ± 0.019	198.96 ± 21.51
	24d	230.43 ± 44.88	12.78 ± 2.73	18.47 ± 3.65	75.55 ± 6.91	0.184 ± 0.017	35.96 ± 11.94
	31d	264.80 ± 62.87	11.39 ± 1.84	14.13 ± 5.08	59.23 ± 6.31	0.224 ± 0.037	13.16 ± 3.36
ATN + CSF	2d	201.72 ± 31.14	11.41 ± 2.89	23.37 ± 4.66	59.27 ± 14.67	0.200 ± 0.032	35.41 ± 7.74
	5d	197.37 ± 32.49	13.32 ± 2.99	27.07 ± 6.76	154.90 ± 29.37^,**	0.171 ± 0.025	242.25 ± 52.11
	10d	213.23 ± 36.51^,**	15.05 ± 1.06^,**	30.57 ± 6.82^,**	93.013 ± 13.74^,**	0.093 ± 0.035	202.32 ± 67.06^,**
	17d	258.54 ± 43.14^,**	10.3 ± 1.18^,**	18.25 ± 3.69^,**	57.48 ± 9.32^**	0.196 ± 0.047^**	71.97 ± 28.99^,**
	24d	279.29 ± 54.36^**	8.58 ± 1.37^**	11.50 ± 1.41	61.69 ± 12.20^**	0.208 ± 0.057	20.84 ± 9.01^**
	31d	298.84 ± 59.59^**	8.99 ± 1.84^**	10.87 ± 2.53	50.20 ± 9.51	0.220 ± 0.025	12.40 ± 2.44
CSF	2d	212.32 ± 31.46^**	5.13 ± 0.69^**	11.04 ± 2.62^**,***	53.01 ± 10.89	0.213 ± 0.035	15.00 ± 3.27^**,***
	5d	238.31 ± 34.53^**	6.12 ± 0.94^**	10.75 ± 2.71^**,***	54.72 ± 3.47^**,***	0.218 ± 0.032^**,***	16.64 ± 2.32^**,***
	10d	262.49 ± 35.69^**	7.35 ± 1.12^**	11.63 ± 3.42^**,***	49.81 ± 7.41^**,***	0.223 ± 0.035^**,***	15.41 ± 3.63^**,***
	17d	282.64 ± 44.63^**	7.86 ± 1.23^**	10.50 ± 3.93^**,***	53.27 ± 9.71^**	0.214 ± 0.027^,**	13.48 ± 4.17^**,***
	24d	302.43 ± 54.88^**	7.25 ± 1.45^**	9.88 ± 1.96^**	55.31 ± 4.77^**	0.221 ± 0.031	13.08 ± 3.24^**
	31d	310.93 ± 52.58^**	7.97 ± 1.58^**	10.00 ± 2.51	53.77 ± 5.36	0.219 ± 0.031	16.64 ± 2.32

Notes: NAG, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosidase; ATN, acute tubular necrosis; CSF, colony-stimulating factor.

*p < 0.05 versus control group; ^**p < 0.05 versus ATN group; ^***p < 0.05 versus ATN+CSF group.

Figure 2. The morphology of the renal tissue in the ATN+CSF group and in the ATN group. (A) Kidney pathological changes on day 10 in ATN+CSF group. The necrotic substance in tubular cavity decreased gradually and proximal convoluted tubule regenerated evidently. Some epithelial cell hyperplasia of proximal convoluted tubules protruded into tubular cavity in a papillary way and inflammatory cell infiltration was seen. (B) Kidney pathological changes on day 24 in ATN+CSF group. The morphological structure basically restored to normal. (C) Kidney pathological changes on day 10 in ATN group. There were flat epithelial cells which began to cover the basal membrane of some proximal convoluted tubules, the renal tubular cavity showed cystic dilation, and there was evident inflammatory cell infiltration. (D) Kidney pathological changes on day 24 in ATN group. The necrotic substance in tubular cavity disappeared, some epithelial cells were still flat, some renal tubular cavities showed cystic dilation, and there was still inflammatory cell infiltration.

Note: ATN, acute tubular necrosis; CSF, colony-stimulating factor.

Figure 3. Counts of CD34+ cells in renal tissue in ATN+CSF group at different time points.

Note: ATN, acute tubular necrosis; CSF, colony-stimulating factor.

Figure 4. The changes of PI in ATN and ATN+CSF group at different time points.

Note: PI, proliferation index; ATN, acute tubular necrosis; CSF, colony-stimulating factor.

Figure 5. The pathologic lesion scores of ATN and ATN+CSF group.

Notes: ATN, acute tubular necrosis; CSF, colony-stimulating factor.

*p < 0.05.

Table 2. Renal injury index in BMA groups.

Group	Time after GM injection (d)	BUN (mmol/L)	Cr (μmol/L)	Lesion scores
BMA (mean)	2 (n = 2)	7.8	56.7	–
	5 (n = 2)	8.2	55.6	–
	10 (n = 0)	–	–	–
BMA+ATN (mean)	2 (n = 2)	14.70	68.34	0.925
	5 (n = 2)	43.00	252.60	2.175
	10 (n = 2)	64.30	397.57	2.410
BMA + ATN + CSF (mean)	2 (n = 2)	13.90	63.07	0.941
	5 (n = 2)	47.50	241.24	1.993
	10 (n = 1)	62.50	411.00	2.320

Note: GM, granulocyte-macrophage; BMA, bone marrow ablation; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; ATN, acute tubular necrosis; CSF, colony-stimulating factor.