Mitochondria-targeted peptides prevent on contrast-induced acute kidney injury in the rats with hypercholesterolemia

Figures & data

Table 1. Comparison of biochemical indicators in each group before contrast media injection ( ± SD, n = 7).

Group	BW (g)	Scr (µmol/l)	TG (mmoL/l)	CHOL (mmoL/l)	Ccr (ml/min)	FeNa%	FeK%
NN	373.86 ± 105.97	31.03 ± 2.84	0.41 ± 0.21	1.48 ± 0.21	0.20 ± 0.05	1.70 ± 0.44	46.74 ± 17.08
HN	372.00 ± 92.67	33.60 ± 2.21	0.33 ± 0.18	2.51 ± 0.17^a	0.15 ± 0.06	2.29 ± 0.41	52.00 ± 10.63
HH	373.00 ± 106.80	34.71 ± 2.66	0.37 ± 0.20	2.53 ± 0.27^a	0.16 ± 0.04	2.20 ± 0.71	51.40 ± 12.96
HM	371.86 ± 75.26	30.74 ± 2.73	0.39 ± 0.22	2.68 ± 0.27^a	0.17 ± 0.04	2.15 ± 0.77	47.80 ± 15.04
HS	377.29 ± 82.18	34.04 ± 2.31	0.38 ± 0.20	2.55 ± 0.29^a	0.17 ± 0.36	2.15 ± 0.46	48.02 ± 11.17

Notes: NN, normal diet group; HN, high cholesterol diet group; HH, high cholesterol plus contrast media; HM, high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus MTP131 group; HS, high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus SPI20 group. BW, body weight; Scr, serum creatinine; CHOL, cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; Ccr, creatinine clearance rate; FeK% fractional excretion of potassium; FeNa% fractional excretion of sodium.

^ap < 0.05 versus NN group.

Table 2. Changes of renal function indicators in each group at 48 hrs after contrast media injection ( ± SD, n = 7).

Group	Scr (µmol/l)	Ccr (ml/min/100 g)	FeNa%	FeK%
NN	29.47 ± 1.94	0.21 ± 0.06	1.89 ± 0.20	45.81 ± 10.99
HN	33.99 ± 4.74^a	0.16 ± 0.02	2.41 ± 0.46	55.13 ± 9.47
HH	40.16 ± 4.59^b,c	0.08 ± 0.02^b,c	4.31 ± 0.75^b,c	93.75 ± 22.13^b,c
HM	33.36 ± 3.23^e	0.14 ± 0.05^a,d	2.94 ± 0.77^a,e	62.20 ± 16.73^e
HS	34.03 ± 275^a,e	0.13 ± 0.04^b	3.19 ± 1.37^b,e	64.69 ± 18.06^a,e

Notes: NN, normal diet group; HN, high cholesterol diet group; HH, high cholesterol plus contrast media; HM, high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus MTP131 group; HS, high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus SPI20 group. Scr, serum creatinine; CHOL, cholesterol; TG triglycerides; Ccr, creatinine clearance rate; FeK% fractional excretion of potassium; FeNa% fractional excretion of sodium.

^ap < 0.05 versus NN group.

^bp < 0.01 versus NN group.

^cp < 0.01 versus HN group.

^dp < 0.05 versus HH group.

^ep < 0.01 versus HH group.

Table 3. Comparison of renal oxidative stress and ATPase parameters after contrast media injection ( ± SD, n = 7).

Group	NADPH (U/mg protein)	MDA (nmmoL/mg protein)	SOD (U/mg protein)	ATPase (U/mg protein)
NN	17.95 ± 7.12	5.43 ± 0.47	483.03 ± 15.28	66.23 ± 10.86
HN	74.26 ± 18.76^a	5.50 ± 0.75	460.67 ± 73.23	58.90 ± 9.22
HH	112.22 ± 25.18 ^a,b	6.86 ± 0.89^a,b	357.01 ± 37.36^a,b	42.48 ± 18.95^a
HM	16.39 ± 6.56^c	5.47 ± 0.62^c	482.32 ± 43.50^c	70.30 ± 12.06^c
HS	22.44 ± 9.44^c	5.61 ± 0.96^c	459.01 ± 26.64^c	61.38 ± 10.71^c

Notes: NN, normal diet group; HN, high cholesterol diet group; HH, high cholesterol plus contrast media; HM, high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus MTP131 group; HS, high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus SPI20 group NADPH oxidase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase; ATPase, adenosine triphosphatase.

^ap < 0.01 versus group NN.

^bp < 0.01 versus group HN.

^cp < 0.01 versus group HH.

Figure 1. Representative renal histomorphological changes: (A) NN, normal diet group; (B) HN, high cholesterol diet group; (C) HH, high cholesterol plus contrast media; (D) HM, high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus MTP131 group; (E) HS: high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus SPI20 group (HE staining, original magnification ×200).

Figure 2. Comparison of tubular injury scores in each group after contrast media injection. Notes: NN, normal diet group; HN, high cholesterol diet group; HH, high cholesterol plus contrast media; HM, high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus MTP131 group; HS, high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus SPI20 group. ^ap < 0.01 versus NN group; ^bp < 0.01 versus HN group; ^cp < 0.01 versus HH group.

Figure 3. Protein expression of renal tissue NOX4 in each group (Western blotting, n = 3). Notes: NN, normal diet group; HN, high cholesterol diet group; HH, high cholesterol plus contrast media; HM, high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus MTP131 group; HS: high cholesterol plus diatrizoate plus SPI20 group. ^ap < 0.05 versus NN group; ^bp < 0.05 versus HN group; ^cp < 0.05 versus HH group; ^dp < 0.01 versus HH group.