The impact of CTLA4 and PTPN22 genes polymorphisms on long-term renal allograft function and transplant outcomes

Figures & data

Table 1. The frequency distribution of the rs231775 (+49AG) CTLA4 and rs2476601 (C1858T) PTPN22 genes polymorphisms genotypes among different ethnic groups27–30.

	Genotypes frequency (%)
Polymorphism	rs231775 (+49AG) CTLA4
Ethnic group	AA	AG	GG
African Americans	33.5	54.5	12.0
Hispanic	37.5	52.5	10.0
Indians	50.0	40.5	9.5
Chinese	8.5	44.5	47.0
Central Europeans	36.5	50.0	13.5
Poles	34.57	48.7	16.73
Polymorphism	rs2476601 (C1858T) PTPN22
Ethnic group	CC	CT	TT
African Americans	97.0	3.0	–
Hispanic	91.78	7.54	0.68
White Americans	84.41	14.65	0.94
Scandinavians	80.3	18.9	0.8
Central Europeans	78	20	2.0
Poles	75.47	20.07	4.46

Table 2. Creatinine serum concentrations after transplantation in patients stratified according to rs231775 CTLA4 gene polymorphism genotype.

	GG	AG	AA	K–W test	GG + AG vs. AA	GG vs. AA
Creatinine (mg/dL)	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	p	p*	p*
12 months	1.75 ± 0.53	1.77 ± 0.64	1.71 ± 0.55	0.71	0.53	0.42
24 months	1.75 ± 0.47	1.75 ± 0.59	1.68 ± 0.55	0.65	0.41	0.32
36 months	1.72 ± 0.45	1.76 ± 0.62	1.66 ± 0.62	0.32	0.14	0.17
48 months	1.74 ± 0.41	1.77 ± 0.66	1.76 ± 0.68	0.71	0.63	0.43
60 months	1.71 ± 0.49	1.76 ± 0.71	1.66 ± 0.62	0.63	0.35	0.44

p-Value calculated with the Kruskal–Wallis (K–W) and Mann–Whitney* tests; SD, standard deviation.

Table 3. Creatinine serum concentrations after transplantation in patients stratified according to rs2476601 PTPN22 gene polymorphism genotype.

	TT	CT	CC	K–W test	TT + CT vs. CC	TT vs. CC
Creatinine (mg/dL)	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	p	p*	p*
12 months	1.61 ± 0.53	1.75 ± 0.48	1.76 ± 0.62	0.69	0.85	0.50
24 months	1.69 ± 0.63	1.77 ± 0.55	1.72 ± 0.55	0.77	0.52	0.99
36 months	1.74 ± 0.62	1.67 ± 0.49	1.73 ± 0.62	0.86	0.96	0.69
48 months	1.72 ± 0.60	1.75 ± 0.55	1.76 ± 0.66	0.93	0.71	0.83
60 months	1.64 ± 0.69	1.75 ± 0.66	1.71 ± 0.64	0.95	0.81	0.92

p-Value calculated with the Kruskal–Wallis (K–W) and Mann–Whitney* tests; SD, standard deviation.

Table 4. Multivariate Cox regression model for the risk of graft loss/dialysis after transplantation.

Risk factor	HR	−95% CI	+95% CI	p
Male gender	0.589	0.250	1.392	0.23
Age (years)	0.962	0.929	0.996	0.03
rs231775 CTLA4 (GG+AG vs. AA)	0.909	0.378	2.187	0.83
rs2476601 PTPN22 (TT+CT vs. CC)	0.806	0.270	2.406	0.70

HR, hazard ratio.

Table 5. Multivariate Cox regression model for the risk of death after transplantation.

Risk factor	HR	−95% CI	+95% CI	p
Male gender	1.479	0.277	7.890	0.65
Age (years)	1.030	0.968	1.096	0.34
rs231775 CTLA4 (GG+AG vs. AA)	0.678	0.149	3.081	0.61
rs2476601 PTPN22 (TT+CT vs. CC)	0.441	0.052	3.704	0.45

HR, hazard ratio.