Effects of trimetazidine on the Akt/eNOS signaling pathway and oxidative stress in an in vivo rat model of renal ischemia-reperfusion

Figures & data

Figure 1. Assessment of catalase (CAT) (a) and superoxide dismutase (b) activities in tissue kidneys. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM for six independent experiments. Note: *p < 0.05 versus Sham group. #p < 0.05 versus I/R group.

Figure 2. Assessment of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (a) activity and glutathione level (GSH) in tissue kidneys (b). Results are expressed as mean ± SEM for six independent experiments. Note: *p < 0.05 versus Sham group. #p < 0.05 versus I/R group.

Table 1. Evaluation of LDH activity in plasma and tissular MDA concentration in sham, I/R and I/R + TMZ groups.

Parameter	Sham group	I/R group	TMZ + I/R group
MDA (nmol/mg of proteins)	0.17 ± 0.01	0.59 ± 0.03*	0.33 ± 0.01*^#
LDH (U/L)	456 ± 15	1028 ± 30*	845 ± 13*^#

Note: *p < 0.05 versus Sham group, #p < 0.05 versus I/R group, mean ± SEM, n = 6.

Table 2. Evaluation of Creatinine clearance and sodium reabsorption rate in sham, I/R and I/R + TMZ groups.

Parameter	Sham group	I/R group	TMZ + I/R group
Creatinine clearance (µL/min/g)	484 ± 68	30 ± 12*	105 ± 12*^#
Na^+ reabsorption rate (%)	97 ± 1	68 ± 5*	95 ± 1^#

Note: *p < 0.05 versus Sham group,^#p < 0.05 versus I/R group, mean ± SEM, n = 6.

Figure 3. Representative western blotting of p-Akt. The β-actin was used as a loading control. One representative blot of six independent experiments is shown at the top whereas densitometric analysis is shown at the bottom. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM for six independent experiments. Note: *p < 0.05 versus Sham group. #p < 0.05 versus I/R group.

Figure 4. Representative western blotting of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (a) The β-actin was used as a loading control. One representative blot of six independent experiments is shown at the top whereas densitometric analysis is shown at the bottom. (b) Nitrite/nitrate level. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM for six independent experiments. Note: *p < 0.05 versus Sham group. #p < 0.05 versus I/R group.

Figure 5. Hypoxia-induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) levels. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM for six independent experiments. Note: *p < 0.05 versus Sham group. #p < 0.05 versus I/R group.

Figure 6. Representative western blotting of HO-1. The β-actin was used as a loading control. One representative blot of six independent experiments is shown at the top whereas densitometric analysis is shown at the bottom. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM for six independent experiments. Note: *p < 0.05 versus Sham group. #p < 0.05 versus I/R group.