Decrease of Urotensin II activity can impact on the volume status in predialysis chronic kidney disease

Figures & data

Figure 1. Comparison of U-II levels according to fluid overload.

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of overhydrated and normohydrated patients.

	Fluid overload > 1.1 L	Fluid overload < 1.1 L
	N = 42	N = 65	p
Urotensin II (pg/mL)	170.5 ± 251.1	324.5 ± 264.4	<0.001
Age (years)	62.6 ± 10.9	58.8 ± 12. 1	0.094
Diabetes, n (%)	32 (76)	22 (33)	0.003
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)	28.1 ± 9.8	27.1 ± 11.2	0.638
BUN (mg/dL)	42.4 ± 14.0	42.8 ± 17.6	0.887
Na (mmol/L)	139.3 ± 2.1	139.3 ± 2.6	0.965
K (mmol/L)	5.0 ± 0.5	4.7 ± 0.5	0.009
Uric acid (mg/dL)	6.6 ± 1.2	6.9 ± 1.9	0.366
Total protein (g/dL)	7.2 ± 0.5	7.3 ± 0.5	0.311
Albumin (g/dL)	3.9 ± 0.2	4.0 ± 0.2	0.059
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	143.4 ± 46.3	165.2 ± 93.0	0.164
LDL (mg/dL)	119.9 ± 38.4	124.7 ± 35.3	0.522
HDL (mg/dL)	42.7 ± 13.1	44.2 ± 13.2	0.587
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	184.0 ± 50.3	200.0 ± 39.5	0.079
CRP (mg/L)	4.9 ± 7.5	4.7 ± 4.9	0.891
Spot PCR*	2.2 ± 2.3	1.7 ± 2.3	0.345
Parathormone (pg/mL)	136.3 ± 92.0	122.4 ± 98.4	0.464
Ferritin (ng/mL)	121.7 ± 114.1	99.5 ± 76.5	0.236
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	11.7 ± 1.3	12.4 ± 1.6	0.019
Ejection fraction (%)	69.7 ± 7.8	70.2 ± 7.2	0.715
Left ventricular mass index (g/m^2)	130.4 ± 25.9	107.6 ± 28.0	<0.001
Systolic blood pressure (mmhg)	145.4 ± 20.6	136.9 ± 20.8	0.037
Diastolic blood pressure (mmhg)	87.5 ± 10.2	86.5 ± 11.9	0.647
Central systolic blood pressure (mmhg)	130.5 ± 17.2	121.8 ± 22.6	0.034
Central diastolic blood pressure (mmhg)	89.0 ± 10.5	88.1 ± 12.3	0.696
Pulse wave velocity (m/s)	9.6 ± 1.9	8.7 ± 2.0	0.024
	Medications
ACEI/ARB, (n)%	29 (42)	32 (71)	0.560
Β-blocker, (n)%	16 (38)	26 (40)	0.321
Asetilsalisilic acid, (n)%	7 (16)	6 (9)	0.559
Ca channel blocker, (n)%	34 (80)	35 (56)	0.114
Thiazide, (n)%	19 (45)	16 (25)	0.215
Furosemide, (n)%	3 (7)	2 (3)	0.655
α-blocker, (n)%	7 (16)	12 (18)	0.612
Erytropoietin replacement, (n)%	13 (30)	11 (18)	0.355
Vitamin D replacement, (n)%	24 (57)	37 (56)	0.239

Note: FO, fluid overload.

*PCR; urine micrototal protein/creatinin ratio.

Figure 2. Log U-II and fluid overload relation.

Table 2. Urotensin II and body compartments correlation analysis.

Urotensin II (pg/mL)	r	p
Fluid overload (L)	−0.458	<0.001
Total body water (L)	−0.182	0.063
Extracellular water (L)	−0.343	<0.001
Intracellular water (L)	−0.146	0.137
Extra/intracellular water ratio	−0.205	0.036
Lean tissue mass index (kg/m^2)	−0.150	0.129
Fat tissue mass index (kg/m^2)	0.204	0.037
Body cellular mass (kg)	−0.160	0.106

Figure 3. ROC curve of U-II for normohydration.