Figures & data
Figure 1. Non-contrast CT scan images of a patient with homolateral renal tumor (A) and renal calculus (B); and enhanced CT scan (C and D) of the same location. Tailed-arrows showed renal tumor and arrowheads indicated renal calculi.
Figure 2. (A) The contralateral prone position and incision site. (B) PCNL surgery.
Figure 3. (A) The self-made single-site laparoscopic operation channel. (B) Retroperitoneal LESS-PN surgery.
Figure 4. The “arch window” formed during LESS-PN operation.
Figure 5. Appearance of the incision site post operation.
