Advanced glycation end products and soluble receptor as markers of oxidative stress in children on hemodialysis

Figures & data

Table 1. Comparison of biochemical data between controls and children on HD.

Parameters	Children on HD (n = 30)	Controls (n = 30)	p-Value
Pre-dialysis urea (mg/dL)	106.608 ± 31.1271	7.76 ± 2.53	0.000*
LMW-AGEs (AFU)	1888.0 ± 700.96	1127.25 ± 27.41	0.004*
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	10.64 ± 1.56	14.23 ± 1.50	0.000*
Albumin (g/dLl)	3.56 ± 0.62	4.92 ± 0.39	0.000*
hs-CRP (mg/L)	22.80 ± 10.71	2.40 ± 0.69	0.020*
sRAGE (pg/mL)	1424.8 ± 710.90	134.25± 35.046	0.003*
ox-LDL (μ/L)	166.94 ± 80.58	88.31 ± 4.73	0.000*

Notes: Significance was estimated using the independent t-test. Data are mean ± SD. Ox-LDL, oxidized LDL; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, LMW-AGEs, low molecular weight forms of fluorescent AGEs, AFU, arbitrary fluorescence unit; sRAGE, soluble receptor AGE. *p-Value was considered significant if <0.05.

Anemic patients (Hb <11 g/dL, n = 30), when compared to non-anemic patients had significantly higher serum hs-CRP (22.80 ± 10.71 vs. 2.40 ± 0.69) (p = 0.020); higher LMW-AGE (1888.0 ± 700.96 vs. 1127.25 ± 27.41) (p = 0.004); higher sRAGE (1424.8 ± 710.90 vs. 34.25 ± 5.04) (p = 0.003), higher oxLDL (166.94 ± 80.58 vs. 88.31 ± 4.73) (p = 0.000) and urea (106.6 ± 31.12 vs. 7.76 ± 2.53) (p = 0.000).

Table 2. Correlations between the different parameters.

parameter	LMW-AGEs		sRAGE		CRP		oxLDL
Value	R	p	R	p	r	p	r	p
LMW-AGEs	–	–	0.43	0.08	0.01	0.98	−0.23	0.37
sRAGE	−0.43	0.08	–	–	0.46	0.06	−0.13	0.61
CRP	0.008	0.98	0.46	0.06	–	–	0.01	0.97
ox-LDL	−0.23	0.37	−0.13	0.61	0.01	0.97	–	–
BMI	0.02	0.95	0.32	0.21	0.38	0.13	−0.03	0.92
Age	0.21	0.46	0.09	0.73	0.19	0.48	−0.59*	0.02
Pre urea	−0.76*	0.011	0.69*	0.03	−0.02	0.96	0.22	0.54
Post urea	−0.690*	0.027	0.828**.	0.003	−0.040	0.913	−0.132	0.715

Note: *Significant values.