Assessment of renal functions in patients of chronic liver disease

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic and Etiological Profile of patients in various groups.

	I (n = 5)	II (n = 40)	III (n = 31)	IV (n = 19)	V (n = 5)	p-Value
MELD	8.20 ± 1.30	15.05 ± 2.41	24.61 ± 3.02	34.78 ± 3.15	48.60 ± 6.88	<0.01*
Age (years)	41.20 ± 15.99	44.55 ± 10.65	48.19 ± 10.23	46.53 ± 12.58	49.60 ± 13.72	>0.05*
Sex (M/F)	5	39	29	18	5	>0.05**
	0	1	2	1	0
Etiology						>0.05**
Alcohol	4	34	27	18	5
Alcohol and HBV+	0	1	0	0	0
Cryptogenic	0	3	1	1	0
HBV+	1	1	2	0	0
HCV+	0	1	1	0	0
MAP (mmHg)	83.33 ± 5.19	82.57 ± 10.24	81.38 ± 8.30	77.19 ± 15.04	76.80 ± 14.31	>0.05*

p Value < 0.05 – significant.

*Analysed by ANOVA.

**Analysed by Chi square test.

Table 2. Comparison of various parameters in various groups.

	I (n = 5)	II (n = 40)	III (n = 31)	IV (n = 19)	V (n = 5)	p-Value*
Hb (g/dL)	9.18 ± 1.80	9.78 ± 2.79	8.56 ± 2.22	8.34 ± 3.05	9.00 ± 2.00	>0.05
TLC (cells/mm^3)	9620.00 ± 3522.36	8805.00 ± 4260.97	10639.35 ± 4868.46	12005.26 ± 5761.60	14320.00 ± 7022.25	>0.05
AST (IU/L)	81.60 ± 32.97	96.65 ± 48.53	97.16 ± 38.45	115.84 ± 49.14	148.80 ± 59.30	>0.05
ALT (IU/L)	52.00 ± 30.04	54.55 ± 26.03	55.23 ± 24.22	54.53 ± 22.84	66.60 ± 29.52	>0.05
S. ALkP (IU/L)	112.20 ± 73.16	132.55 ± 74.59	118.56 ± 83.24	132.37 ± 61.84	148.40 ± 40.99	>0.05
S. Protein (g/dL)	6.66 ± 0.86	6.45 ± 0.94	6.15 ± 1.01	6.08 ± 0.90	6.06 ± 0.49	>0.05
t. Albumin (g/dL)	2.90 ± 0.27	2.97 ± 0.52	2.74 ± 0.64	2.51 ± 0.42	2.34 ± 0.08	<0.05
S. bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.20 ± 0.45	2.18 ± 1.11	7.19 ± 6.50	7.79 ± 6.09	16.80 ± 4.76	<0.01
Prothrombin time (s)	14.69 ± 1.98	19.12 ± 4.08	26.75 ± 8.04	38.72 ± 11.28	56.32 ± 17.79	<0.01
INR	1.16 ± 0.19	1.60 ± 0.41	2.40 ± 0.87	3.74 ± 1.30	5.86 ± 2.23	<0.01
B. urea (mg/dL)	22.40 ± 9.61	39.98 ± 19.42	58.55 ± 33.01	85.89 ± 40.73	107.80 ± 41.5	<0.01
BUN (mg/dL)	10.46 ± 4.48	18.66 ± 9.07	27.33 ± 15.41	40.10 ± 19.02	50.33 ± 19.37	<0.01
S. creatinine (mg/dL)	0.82 ± 0.08	1.02 ± 0.36	1.50 ± 0.95	2.35 ± 1.15	3.84 ± 1.13	<0.01
S. sodium (mEq/L)	137.40 ± 3.78	138.60 ± 5.23	137.06 ± 4.34	132.37 ± 9.09	136.20 ± 2.86	<0.01
Urine output (mL) (median) (min–max)	1600 (1400–4000)	1333 (350–3000)	1375 (150–2000)	550 (250–1350)	650 (250–1275)	<0.01
GFR (mL/min) (median) (min–max)	121.88 (79.94–182.10)	79.22 (9.72–203.13)	66.67 (5.98–122.40)	10.05 (3.70–83.09)	8.53 (2.90–40.48)	<0.01
Liver size (cm)	14.24 ± 3.41	13.29 ± 2.72	14.28 ± 2.85	14.14 ± 3.27	16.54 ± 3.94	>0.05
Portal vein diameter (mm)	11.86 ± 2.36	11.25 ± 2.02	12.32 ± 1.78	12.69 ± 1.46	14.60 ± 1.14	<0.01
Spleen size (cm)	11.78 ± 0.47	10.89 ± 2.41	12.01 ± 1.68	13.01 ± 1.70	13.46 ± 1.52	<0.01

p Value < 0.05 – significant.

*Analysed by ANOVA.

Table 3. Distribution of renal dysfunction and its types in various groups.

Renal Dysfunction	I	II (n2)	III (n3)	IV (n4)	V	Total
Absent	5	34	20	4	0	63
Present	0	6	11	15	5	37
Types
Structural	0	1	0	0	0	1
Intrarenal (ATN)	0	0	0	4	2	6
HRS	0	0	1	4	0	5
Pre-renal	0	5	10	7	3	25
Total	5	40	31	19	5	100

Table 4. Complication of cirrhosis and renal dysfunction.

	Renal dysfunction
	Absent (63)	Present (37)	p-Value
PVD ≥13 mm	20	26	<0.01
Ascites	29	32	<0.01
Jaundice	28	33	<0.05
Upper GI bleed	19	21	<0.01
Hepatic encephalopathy	11	15	<0.05
SBP	2	10	<0.05
Sepsis	50	21	<0.05

Table 5. Various parameters in renal dysfunction.

	Renal dysfunction
Parameters	Absent (63)	Present (37)	p-Value*
Hb (g/dL)	9.37 ± 2.53	8.54 ± 2.75	>0.05
TLC (cells/mm^3)	8966.667 ± 4084.037	12565.41 ± 5673.697	<0.01
AST (IU/L)	100.19 ± 46.28	105.92 ± 48.03	>0.05
ALT (IU/L)	53.78 ± 25.16	57.70 ± 24.52	>0.05
S. ALkP (IU/L)	124.09 ± 79.88	134.54 ± 60.31	>0.05
S. protein (g/dL)	6.42 ± 0.94	6.03 ± 0.89	<0.05
t. Albumin (g/dL)	2.94 ± 0.56	2.50 ± 0.41	<0.01
S. bilirubin (mg/dL)	4.08 ± 4.57	7.86 ± 7.09	<0.01
Prothrombin time (s)	24.06 ± 10.88	31.59 ± 14.57	<0.01
INR	2.14 ± 1.20	2.97 ± 1.68	<0.05
S. sodium (mEq/L)	137.84 ± 34.86	134.92 ± 7.548	<0.05
Portal vein diameter (mm)	11.40 ± 1.95	13.16 ± 1.50	<0.01

*Analysed by independent t-test.

AST – aspartate amino transferase; ALT – alanine amino transferase.

Table 6. Logistic regression analysis results.

			95% CI for exp(B)
Variables in the equation	Sig.	Exp(B)	Lower	Upper
MELD	<0.01	0.7	0.6	0.821
PVD	<0.05	0.5	0.33	0.883
INR	<0.01	4.7	1.722	12.57

Figure 1. Renal parameters in groups I–V.