Effect of cigarette design on biomarkers of exposure, puffing topography and respiratory parameters

Figures & data

Figure 1. Schematic representation of randomized open-label study design.

Table 1. Demographics of participants.

Variable	H-L Sequence group	L-H Sequence group	Overall
Gender
Male	10	10	20
Race
White	10	9	19
Black	0	1	1
Age (years)	35.4 ± 6.4	35.1 ± 6.2	35.3 ± 6.1
Weight (lbs)	182.5 ± 27.9	172.1 ± 14.6	177.3 ± 22.3
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.00 ± 3.17	24.92 ± 2.08	25.46 ± 2.67

Values for age, weight and BMI are Mean ± SD; One subject prematurely withdrew from the study due to personal reasons.

Table 2. Puffing topography, respiratory parameters and biomarkers of exposure.

Variable	Baseline	TCH	TCL	Statistical comparison* TCH versus TCL
Puffing topography
Average number of puffs/cig	9.8 ± 2.3	8.9 ± 2.2	9.5 ± 2.5	p < 0.05
Average puff volume (mL)	69.72 ± 18.58	59.37 ± 18.33	69.31 ± 19.22	p < 0.05
Average puff duration (s)	2.31 ± 0.61	2.02 ± 0.58	2.35 ± 0.71	p < 0.05
Average inter-puff interval (s)	38.57 ± 10.83	37.19 ± 10.23	33.29 ± 8.98	p < 0.05
Respiratory parameters
Inhalation volume (mL)	1104 ± 566.2	967.9 ± 353.6	1145.6 ± 562.3	NS
Inhalation time (s)	2.1 ± 0.8	1.8 ± 0.6	1.8 ± 0.6	NS
Exhalation volume (mL)	1406.5 ± 637.4	1283.1 ± 418.4	1473.0 ± 702.2	NS
Exhalation time (s)	4.1 ± 1.8	3.7 ± 1.7	3.5 ± 1.7	NS
Breath-holding time (s)	0.9 ± 1.1	1.0 ± 1.4	1.2 ± 1.3	NS
Biomarkers of exposure
Urinary nicotine equivalents (mg/24H)	24.89 ± 8.12	24.96 ± 7.98	22.87 ± 7.14	p < 0.05
Urinary nicotine equivalents (mg/cig)	1.33 ± 0.36	1.14 ± 0.28	0.98 ± 0.23	p < 0.05
Carboxyhemoglobin (% sat)	6.7 ± 1.6	7.3 ± 1.9	6.7 ± 1.9	p < 0.05

Values are Mean ± SD.

*Statistical comparison based on linear mixed effects model including sequence, period, study day and cigarette type.

Figure 2. Respiratory patterns.

Table 3. Distribution of breathing pattern.

Pattern	Baseline	TCH	TCL
I	28%	32%	34%
II	67%	61%	59%