Development, characterization and toxicological evaluations of phospholipids complexes of curcumin for effective drug delivery in cancer chemotherapy

Figures & data

Table 1. Inter and intra assay variations of CU.

Intra assay variations				Inter assay variation
Conc. (ng)	Conc. found mean ± SD^a	% CV	% Accuracy	Conc. found mean ± SD^a	% CV	% Accuracy
200	207.48 ± 4.15	2.00	103.74	208.48 ± 0.72	0.345	104.24
300	309.83 ± 5.74	1.85	103.2778	314.82 ± 1.33	0.425	104.94
400	385.99 ± 7.5	1.94	96.49833	395.07 ± 3.75	0.949	98.76
500	481.77 ± 10.1	2.10	96.35533	476.75 ± 6.12	1.284	95.35
1000	1007.41 ± 9.1	0.90	100.741	1008.97 ± 1.2	0.126	100.89
2000	2003.45 ± 5.2	0.26	100.1728	2004.54 ± 3.9	0.195	100.22

^an = 3; concentration terms are in ng/ml.

Table 2. Solubility of CU, PC, HSPC, CU–PC-C, CU–HSPC-C and physical mixture in water and n-octanol at 25 °C.

Compounds	Solubility in water (µg/ml)	Solubility in n-octanol (mg/ml)
CU	8.23 ± 0.22	4.09 ± 0.26
CU-PC-C	25.87 ± 1.28	45.79 ± 2.34
CU-HSPC-C	21.57 ± 1.34	40.56 ± 2.56
Physical mixture	12.48 ± 0.59	8.73 ± 0.33

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 3).

Figure 1. FT-IR of CU, CU–PC-C and CU–HSPC-C.

Figure 2. SEM of CU-PC-C (A) and CU-HSPC-C complex (B).

Figure 3. In vitro release study of plain CU, CU-PC-C and CU-HSPC-C at different time points. Values are mean ± SEM (n = 3).

Figure 4. In-vitro hemolysis study of CU, CU-PC-C and CU-HSPC-C.

Figure 5. In-vitro cytotoxicity of CU, CU-PC-C and CU-HSPC-C on MCF-7 cell.

Figure 6. Hematological parameters of different groups in Wister rats.

Figure 7. Biochemical parameters of different groups in Wister rats.

Figure 8. Representative photomicrographs of (A) liver (Group I), (B) liver (Group III), (C) kidney(Group I), (D) kidney (Group III), (E) intestine (Group I), (F) intestine (Group III), (G) spleen (Group I), (H) spleen (Group III), [Cv: central vein; Lf: lymphoid follicle; Gm: glomerulus; Tb: tubule; M: mucosa; and Sm: sub-mucosa]. The various organ sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (10×).

Figure 9. (A and B) Results of the micronucleus assay conducted in bone marrow cells of mice. ***p < 0.0001.

Figure 10. Results of the chromosome aberration assay conducted in bone marrow cells of mice. ***p < 0.0001.

Figure 11. Representative bone marrow cells stained with May Grunwald–Giemsa and exhibiting the presence of micronuclei [micronucleated normochromatic erythrocyte (MNPCE)].

Figure 12. (A) Normal chromosomes in mice bone marrow cells. (B) Types of chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells of mice treated with cyclophosphamide.