Patterns of group home culture in organisations supporting people with intellectual disabilities: A cross-sectional study

Figures & data

Table 1. Number of Total and Participating Group Homes for Eight Organisations.

	Organisation
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Total N group homes	6	8	5	7	9	10	9	31
n participating group homes	3	4	5	5	5	6	7	23
% of participating group homes	50	50	100	71	56	60	78	74

Table 2. Descriptions and Score Interpretations of the Group Home Culture Scale.

Subscale	Description	Score Interpretation
1. Supporting Well-Being	The extent to which staff members’ shared ways of working are directed towards enhancing the well-being of each resident.	A higher score indicates that staff members’ shared ways of working are directed towards supporting the residents’ well-being.
2. Factional	The extent to which there are divisions within the staff team that have a detrimental influence on team dynamics.	A higher score indicates an absence of divisions within the staff team that have a detrimental influence on team dynamics. Conversely, a lower score indicates divisions within the staff team that have a detrimental influence on team dynamics.
3. Effective Team Leadership	The extent to which the frontline supervisor engages in leadership practices that transmits and embeds the culture.	A higher score indicates that the frontline supervisor transmits and embeds a positive team culture.
4. Collaboration within the Organisation	The extent to which staff have a positive perception of organisational support and priorities.	A higher score indicates that staff have a positive perception of organisational support and priorities.
5. Social Distance from Residents	The extent to which there is social distance between staff and residents, where staff regard the residents to be fundamentally different from themselves.	A lower score indicates social distance between staff and residents. Conversely, a higher score indicates the absence of social distance between staff and residents.
6. Valuing Residents and Relationships	The extent to which staff value the residents and the relationships they have with them.	A higher score indicates that staff value the residents and the relationships they have with them.
7. Alignment of Staff with Organisational Values	The extent to which staff members’ values align with the espoused values of the organisation.	A higher score indicates greater alignment between staff members’ shared values and the organisation’s espoused values.

Table 3. Interrater Agreement and Reliability Indices for the Group Home Culture Scale (N = 58 Staff Teams).

Subscale	RectangularrWG(J)		Slightly Skewed rWG(J)		ICC(1)	ICC(2)
	M (SD)	% > .70	M (SD)	% > .70
1. Supporting Well-Being	.95 (.08)	98.3	.90 (.18)	94.8	.25	.59
2. Factional	.85 (.19)	89.5	.65 (.36)	68.4	.27	.63
3. Effective Team Leadership	.90 (.14)	93.1	.79 (.29)	79.3	.33	.69
4. Collaboration within the Organisation	.79 (.24)	78.2	.58 (.38)	61.8	.22	.56
5. Social Distance from Residents	.87 (.16)	89.5	.74 (.29)	75.4	.19	.51
6. Valuing Residents and Relationships	.97 (.03)	100	.94 (.06)	100	.10	.33
7. Alignment of Staff with Organisational Values	.91 (.15)	96.4	.84 (.23)	89.1	.20	.52

Table 4. Descriptive Statistics for the Group Home Culture Scale (N = 58 Group Homes).

Subscale	Mean	SD	Minimum	Maximum
1. Supporting Well-Being	3.92	.40	3.00	4.67
2. Factional	3.46	.59	1.86	4.79
3. Effective Team Leadership	4.06	.53	2.54	4.95
4. Collaboration within the Organisation	3.27	.55	1.78	4.38
5. Social Distance from Residents	4.09	.46	2.80	4.93
6. Valuing Residents and Relationships	4.29	.27	3.38	4.95
7. Alignment of Staff with Organisational Values	3.89	.38	2.73	4.67

Table 5. Group Home Culture Scale Scores for Eight Organisations (N = 58 Group Homes).

Subscale		Organisation
		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
1. Supporting Well-Being	Mean	3.51	3.74	4.00	4.01	4.22	3.52	4.16	3.94
	Median	3.58	3.82	4.07	3.98	4.30	3.44	4.25	4.08
	SD	.49	.45	.26	.24	.46	.50	.22	.33
	Minimum	3.00	3.16	3.64	3.73	3.48	3.00	3.84	3.21
	Maximum	3.97	4.16	4.27	4.27	4.67	4.14	4.42	4.32
2. Factional	Mean	3.03	2.64	3.41	3.42	3.66	3.40	3.77	3.54
	Median	3.19	2.43	3.71	3.61	3.62	3.17	4.03	3.59
	SD	1.10	.58	.68	.33	.43	.72	.84	.34
	Minimum	1.86	2.24	2.31	3.05	3.14	2.67	2.14	2.89
	Maximum	4.04	3.48	4.00	3.69	4.29	4.43	4.79	4.24
3. Effective Team Leadership	Mean	3.79	3.81	4.21	4.15	4.21	3.66	4.17	4.12
	Median	4.27	3.72	4.20	4.16	4.16	3.70	4.25	4.17
	SD	.86	.37	.32	.24	.26	.65	.66	.54
	Minimum	2.80	3.47	3.83	3.80	3.93	2.67	3.20	2.54
	Maximum	4.31	4.33	4.55	4.40	4.53	4.65	4.95	4.76
4. Collaboration within the Organisation	Mean	2.77	3.11	3.53	3.44	2.92	2.38	3.66	3.45
	Median	2.78	3.24	3.63	3.46	2.94	2.50	3.67	3.42
	SD	.04	.33	.60	.30	.49	.37	.52	.38
	Minimum	2.72	2.63	2.75	2.97	2.11	1.78	2.72	2.90
	Maximum	2.81	3.33	4.38	3.78	3.33	2.73	4.33	4.15
5. Social Distance from Residents	Mean	3.81	3.88	4.24	4.20	4.11	3.66	4.49	4.10
	Median	3.73	3.80	4.33	4.12	4.00	3.71	4.50	4.20
	SD	.39	.54	.27	.32	.65	.63	.14	.42
	Minimum	3.47	3.40	3.77	3.76	3.20	2.80	4.32	2.93
	Maximum	4.23	4.52	4.45	4.60	4.93	4.40	4.73	4.80
6. Valuing Residents and Relationships	Mean	4.12	4.31	4.27	4.28	4.40	4.07	4.48	4.29
	Median	4.27	4.36	4.21	4.21	4.34	4.10	4.50	4.31
	SD	.27	.19	.13	.20	.36	.19	.26	.30
	Minimum	3.81	4.04	4.14	4.04	4.10	3.75	4.04	3.38
	Maximum	4.29	4.49	4.46	4.57	4.95	4.29	4.82	4.69
7. Alignment of Staff with Organisational Values	Mean	3.66	3.74	3.90	3.95	3.83	3.43	4.15	3.99
	Median	3.73	3.63	3.95	3.92	3.96	3.53	4.18	4.00
	SD	.36	.28	.35	.13	.38	.36	.22	.38
	Minimum	3.27	3.55	3.37	3.78	3.37	2.73	3.80	3.00
	Maximum	3.97	4.16	4.35	4.08	4.20	3.73	4.45	4.67

Figure 1. Supporting Well-Being scores for 58 group homes across 8 organisations.

Figure 2. Factional scores for 58 group homes across 8 organisations.

Figure 3. Effective Team Leadership scores for 58 group homes across 8 organisations.

Figure 4. Collaboration within the Organisation scores for 58 group homes across 8 organisations.

Figure 5. Social Distance from Residents scores for 58 group homes across 8 organisations.

Figure 6. Valuing Residents and Relationships scores for 58 group homes across 8 organisations.

Figure 7. Alignment of Staff with Organisational Values scores for 58 group homes across 8 organisations.