Nocturia in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: evaluating the significance of ageing, co-morbid illnesses, lifestyle and medical therapy in treatment outcome in real life practice

Figures & data

Table 1. Mean number of nocturia episodes and improvement based on the age range.

Age range (years)	Mean baseline nocturia (n)	Mean persistent nocturia (n)	% reduction of nocturia from baseline (%)
50–55	4.75	2.5	47.4
56–60	2.73	1.67	38.8
61–65	3.42	2.16	36.8
66–70	3.0	2.45	18.3
71–75	3.95	2.9	26.6
76–80	4.28	3.5	18.2
81–85	4.42	3.0	32.1

Table 2. Standard medical therapy used as monotherapy or in combination for BPH patients and treatment outcome for nocturia.

Nocturia improvement	Yes	No	Total, n (%)
Alpha blocker alone	57	39	96 (62)
5ARI alone	1	3	4 (2.5)
Anti muscarinic alone	1	0	1 (0.64)
Desmopressin alone	0	0	0
Alpha blocker + 5ARI	12	12	24 (15)
Alpha blocker + antimuscarinic	3	11	14 (9)
Anti muscarinic + 5ARI	0	1	1 (0.64)
Alpha blocker + desmopression	3	0	3 (2)
Alpha blocker + 5AR Inb + antimuscarinic	0	8	8 (5)
Alpha blocker + 5AR Inb + Desmopression	5	0	5 (3)
	82	74	156 (100)

Table 3. Patient’s characteristics, presence of co morbid illness, beverage intake, and use of medical therapy and its influence on nocturia improvement.

	Nocturia
	Improved	No improvement	p value
Age (years)	66.6	72.4	<0.01
Race			0.68
Chinese	51	47
Indian	7	8
Malay	24	18
PSA (ng/ml)	1.92	1.97	0.89
Prostate volume (cc)	33.7	34.1	0.80
BMI (kg/m^2)	25.8	25.2	0.32
≤25	35	38	0.38
25.1–30	36	24
≥30.1	9	8
WC (cm)	91.2	89.7	0.46
Hypertension (n)			0.19
Yes	43	45
No	37	25
Diabetes mellitus			0.36
Yes	24	26
No	56	44
Chronic renal failure			0.81
Yes	6	6
No	74	64
Ischemic heart disease			0.83
Yes	16	15
No	64	55
Use of diuretics			0.029
Yes	2	8
No	78	62
Work status			<0.01
Fulltime	11	2
Part time	11	1
Retired	58	67
Alcohol intake			0.12
None	58	57
Once a month	11	10
Once fortnightly	5	3
Once a week	6	0
Coffee/tea intake			0.01
Nil to 1 cup/d	25	38
2–4 cups/d	50	31
More than 4/d	5	1
Use of alpha blocker			0.22
Yes	77	67
No	3	6
Use of 5 AR Inb			0.29
Yes	19	22
No	61	48
Use of anti-muscarinic			<0.01
Yes	3	77
No	18	52
Use of oral desmopressin			0.02*
Yes	8	0
No	72	70

*Yates correction.