Evaluation of selected South African plant species for antioxidant, antiplatelet, and cytotoxic activity

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Chromatogram of 100 μg acetone extracts of the leaves of P. longifolia (PL), K. wilmsii (KW), O. natalitia (ON), K. anthotheca (KA), L. alata (LA), C. harveyi (CH), and C. vendae (CV), separated with CEF mobile phase and sprayed with 0.2% DPPH. Antioxidant compounds are indicated by yellow areas.

Table 1.  Antioxidant and antiplatelet activity of acetone extracts of seven South African plants.

Plant	Voucher specimen number	Extract yield (%)	Antioxidant value		Antiplatelet activity (EC50 ± SEM, µg/mL)
			TEAC	DPPH (EC50 ± SEM, µg/mL)
C. vendae	PRU96507	15.7	2.08	4.41 ± 0.14^b	0.06 ± 0.01ª
C. harveyi	PRU96506	14.2	0.15	10.47 ± 1.96^b	0.19 ± 0.00ª
K. anthotheca	PRU96509	8.9	0.10	176.40 ± 26.56^c	0.97 ± 0.03
K. wilmsii	PRU96503	6.9	0.67	3.57 ± 0.41ª	0.22 ± 0.02
L. alata	PRU96508	13.7	1.94	3.58 ± 0.23^a	0.35 ± 0.03
O. natalitia	PRU96504	12.6	0.79	7.50 ± 0.13^b	0.39 ± 0.03
P. longifolia	PRU96505	15.3	1.39	6.57 ± 0.23^b	0.23 ± 0.02
l-ascorbic acid	–	N/A	N/A	1.59 ± 0.80ª	N/A
Aspirin	–	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.04 ± 0.00ª

Note. N/A, not available. Means within the same column and with different superscript letters (a, b, or c) differ significantly (p ≤ 0.05).

Figure 2.  Viability of Vero monkey kidney cell line treated with different concentrations of acetone extracts of seven South African plants. Values are mean ± SEM.

Table 2.  Cytotoxic effect of acetone extracts of seven South African plants on formaldehyde-fixed equine erythrocytes.

Plant extract	Concentration value where agglutination occurred (mg/mL)	Hemagglutination assay titer value
C. vendae	1.25	0.80
C. harveyi	0.31	3.23
K. anthotheca	1.25	0.80
K. wilmsii	1.25	0.80
L. alata	1.25	0.80
O. natalitia	2.5	0.40
P. longifolia	1.25	0.80