Volatile oil profiles of the aerial parts of Jordanian garland, Chrysanthemum coronarium

Figures & data

Table 1.  Chemical composition of the essential oil hydrodistilled from the flowerheads (FH) and aerial parts except for flowerheads (AEF) of Chrysanthemum coronarium L. growing wild in Northern Jordan.

LRI^a	LRI-L^b	Compound^c	% Content (RSD)*
			FH	AEF
904	909	Santolina triene	4.3 (5.8)	0.2 (17.7)
925	927	Tricyclene	0.4 (10.8)	nd
935	939	α-Pinene	0.8 (11.3)	0.8 (12.9)
952	954	Camphene	1.7 (8.2)	0.9 (12.1)
974	975	Sabinene	0.2 (12.5)	0.1 (22.8)
980	979	β-Pinene	0.9 (14.7)	0.5 (18.1)
991	991	Myrcene	3.4 (7.4)	36.7 (2.2)
994	1002	δ-2-Carene	0.2 (15.3)	0.1 (18.4)
997	999	Yomogi alcohol	0.1 (18.2)	nd
1007	1008	Dehydroxy-cis-linalool oxide	0.1 (16.9)	nd
1027	1026	o-Cymene	0.1 (18.6)	0.2 (13.9)
1031	1029	Limonene	0.3 (15.8)	1.6 (6.9)
1035	1031	1,8-Cineole	tr	nd
1037	1037	Z-β-Ocimene	0.2 (11.5)	5.2 (4.6)
1045	—	Unk	tr	nd
1047	1050	E-β-Ocimene	0.1 (20.3)	0.3 (20.8)
1056	NA	Ho-trienol	0.1 (19.3)	0.1 (15.8)
1069	1070	Z-Sabinene hydrate	0.3 (12.1)	nd
1076	1080	Z-Vertocetral C	nd	0.1 (23.6)
1081	1084	Artemisia alcohol	tr	nd
1093	NA	2-ethylidene-6-methyl-3,5-heptadienal	nd	0.3 (18.1)
1102	1097	Linalool	0.3 (17.2)	0.2 (17.5)
1110	1114	E-Thujone	nd	0.1 (19.4)
1114	1121	Dehydro-sabina ketone	1.2 (8.4)	0.3 (12.7)
1125	1128	Chrysanthenone	0.1 (23.2)	nd
1141	1140	Neo-allo ocimene	0.1 (9.8)	0.1 (26.3)
1145	1139	E-Pinocarveol	0.2 (13.5)	nd
1152	1146	Camphor	17.5 (3.1)	1.3 (5.9)
1156	1152	Neoiso-3-thujanol	5.6 (6.7)	0.2 (16.7)
1158	1154	Neo-3-thujanol	0.3 (12.8)	tr
1166	1164	cis-Chrysanthenol	0.8 (9.9)	0.2 (13.5)
1176	1169	Borneol	1.9 (9.2)	0.3 (12.9)
1184	1177	Terpinen-4-ol	0.2 (19.5)	0.1 (19.2)
1199	1194	Dihydro carveol	0.1 (22.1)	0.1 (24.2)
1200	1196	Myrtenol	0.2 (13.7)	nd
1204	1200	Dodecane	0.2 (10.8)	nd
1211	—	Unk	0.3 (17.6)	nd
1240	1238	trans-Chrysanthenyl acetate	0.4 (18.8)	0.1 (17.3)
1260	1265	cis-Chrysanthenyl acetate	10.8 (2.7)	1.9 (7.4)
1268	1271	Perilla aldehyde	11.7 (4.0)	1.7 (7.9)
1278	1273	cis-Ethyl chrysanthemumate	0.2 (13.2)	0.5 (10.3)
1285	1282	Neryl formate	0.3 (9.8)	0.1 (18.5)
1287	1286	Isobornyl acetate	3.9 (6.2)	5.2 (6.8)
1314	1318	Dimethoxy-Z-citral	0.5 (15.5)	nd
1326	1327	Myrtenyl acetate	0.3 (13.9)	0.2 (11.6)
1344	—	Unk	nd	0.1 (20.3)
1356	1353	Citronellyl acetate	0.7 (11.4)	0.1 (24.6)
1378	1377	α-Copaene	0.1 (18.9)	0.4 (11.5)
1395	1402	iso-Italicene	4.7 (5.6)	0.8 (9.1)
1422	1419	β-Caryophyllene	0.5 (14.7)	2.0 (19.6)
1454	1457	E-β-Farnesene	3.7 (7.8)	12.1 (3.7)
1459	1455	α-Humulene	nd	0.2 (14.4)
1468	1463	Dehydro-aromadendrane	0.1 (23.4)	nd
1476	1478	β-Chamigrene	0.1 (18.2)	nd
1483	1484	Phenylpropyl butanoate	4.9 (6.5)	3.0 (6.2)
1484	1485	Germacrene D	4.3 (5.9)	4.5 (5.1)
1489	NA	cis-Chrysanthenyl isovalerate	3.6 (4.4)	1.4 (9.0)
1492	1494	α-Zingiberene	nd	0.4 (13.5)
1505	1506	E,E-α-Farnesene	0.3 (14.1)	2.0 (8.1)
1510	1506	β-Bisabolene	0.1 (20.5)	0.5 (15.3)
1521	1523	δ-Cadinene	0.1 (20.8)	nd
1526	1523	β-Sesquiphellandrene	0.4 (22.0)	nd
1542	NA	E-α-Bisabolene	0.1 (16.1)	0.4 (11.2)
1574	NA	E,E-2,6-dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene	1.3 (10.3)	1.3 (9.8)
1581	1578	Spathulenol	0.3 (13.3)	0.8 (9.7)
1586	1583	Caryophyllene oxide	nd	0.8 (7.4)
1591	NA	Chrysanthenyl hexanoate	2.5 (9.5)	1.1 (7.4)
1597	1599	Longiborneol	nd	0.6 (10.9)
1600	1600	Hexadecane	nd	0.3 (13.1)
1615	1616	E-Eugenol acetate	nd	0.4 (12.7)
1618	1608	β-Atlantol	0.2 (16.3)	0.4 (15.6)
1648	1642	τ-Muurolol	0.1 (17.9)	0.3 (12.8)
1660	1654	α-Cadinol	0.1 (24.6)	0.4 (12.5)
1669	1677	Cadalene	0.1 (14.4)	0.2 (17.1)
1688	1686	α-Bisabolol	0.3 (12.6)	0.7 (11.8)
1695	1688	Eudesma-4(15),7-diene-1-beta-ol	nd	0.3 (5.6)
1812	NA	7-(2,4-Hexadiynylidene)-1,6-dioxaspiro[4,4]nona-2,8-diene	0.1 (12.3)	1.0 (12.2)
1836	NA	E-Nerolidyl isobutyrate	nd	2.5 (3.9)
1885	NA	2-(2,4-Hexadiynylidene)-1,6-dioxaspiro[4,4]non-3-ene (trans-tonghaosu)	0.5 (10.3)	1.3 (4.4)
		Total identified	99.6	99.7
		Monoterpenoids	76.9	61.9
		Monoterpene hydrocarbons	12.6	46.6
		Oxygenated monoterpenes	64.3	15.3
		Sesquiterpenoids	15.7	27.7
		Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons	14.7	23.5
		Oxygenated sesquiterpenes	1.0	4.2
		Unknown	0.3	0.3
		Miscellaneous	7.1	10.0

*Average % content of two samples (each analyzed twice) of the oil of each plant part, with relative standard deviation (RSD) in parentheses. ^aLRI, linear arithmetic retention index calculated on non-polar (DB-5) column. ^bLRI-L, LRI from literature. ^cCompounds are listed based on their elution order on DB-5. nd, not detected; tr, trace amount (<0.1%); NA, literature value is not available; Unk, unknown compound (not identified).

Figure 1.  Differences in percent contents of principal and major components identified in oils hydrodistilled from flowerheads (FH) and aerial parts except for flowerheads (AEF) of Chrysanthemum coronarium L. growing wild in Jordan.