Effect of medium composition and light on root and rhinacanthin formation in Rhinacanthus nasutus cultures

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Chemical structures of rhinacanthin-C (1), rhinacanthin-D (2) and rhinacanthin-N (3).

Table 1.  Effect of the leaf explants and light on the root formation of R. nasutus.

Type of leaf explants	Culture conditions	Number of roots per explant (Mean ± SE)
Four-side excised leaves	Light (n = 10)	0
	Dark (n = 10)	0.4 ± 0.84
Whole leaves	Light (n = 10)	0
	Dark (n = 10)	4 ± 2.05*

*Significant difference (P <0.05).

Table 2.  Effect of basal medium and IBA concentration on the root formation of R. nasutus.

Basal media	IBA concentration (mg/L)	Number of roots per explant (Mean ± SE)
B5	1	5.7 ± 2.31
	2	6.0 ± 2.53
	3	6.9 ± 1.79
MS	1	7.2 ± 2.09
	2	8.0 ± 3.43
	3	14.4 ± 2.63*
WPM	1	2.7 ± 2.05
	2	3.5 ± 2.36
	3	6.0 ± 2.9

*Significant difference (P <0.05).

Table 3.  Effect of plant growth regulators and sucrose composition on the root formation of R. nasutus.

Plant growth regulator and sucrose composition	Number of roots per explant (Mean ± SE)
3 mg/L IBA + 30 g/L sucrose	12.13 ± 1.355*
3.mg/L IAA + 30 g/L sucrose	1.6 ± 1.594
3 mg/L NAA + 30 g/L sucrose	1.53 ± 1.641
3 mg/L 2,4-D + 30 g/L sucrose	nd
3 mg/L IBA + 0.5 mg/L Kinetin + 30 g/L sucrose	5.41 ± 1.72
3 mg/L IBA + 1 mg/L Kinetin + 30 g/L sucrose	2.08 ± 1.62
3 mg/L IBA + 2 mg/L Kinetin + 30 g/L sucrose	0.75 ± 1.05
3 mg/L IBA + 60 g/L sucrose	5.4 ± 0.54
3 mg/L IBA + 90 g/L sucrose	4.8 ± 0.83
3 mg/L IBA + 1200 g/L sucrose	nd

*Significant difference (P <0.05); nd, not detected.

Figure 2.  HPLC chromatograms of the standard rhinacanthin (A) and R. nasutus root culture extracts; the root culture in MS liquid medium (B) and in MS semisolid medium (C).

Table 4.  Rhinacanthin production in R. nasutus roots cultured in liquid and semisolid MS media.

MS media	Dried biomass(mg/flask ± SE)	Rhinacanthin content (mg/g DW; Mean ± SE)
		Rhinacanthin-C	Rhinacanthin -D	Rhinacanthin -N
Semisolid	9.13 ± 0.321	3.45 ± 0.040	0.07 ± 0.001	0.07 ± 0.000
Liquid	15.53 ± 0.808	0.03 ± 0.001	nd	nd

nd, not detected.