Antitumor activity of Sansevieria roxburghiana rhizome against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice

Figures & data

Table 1.  Effect of HASR on body weight, tumor volume, packed cell volume, cell count, median survival time (MST) and life-span (%ILS) in EAC bearing mice.

Groups	Body weight (g)	Tumor volume (mL)	Packed cell volume (mL)	Viable cell count (cells × 10^6/mL)	Non-viable cell count (cells × 10^6/mL)	Median survival time (days)	ILS (%)
Normal saline (5 mL/kg)	21.16 ± 0.47	-	-	-	-	-	-
EAC control (2 × 10^6 cells/mouse)	26.46 ± 0.66^#a	4.26 ± 0.28	2.37 ± 0.08	8.15 ± 0.07	0.63 ± 0.04	20.56 ± 1.13	-
EAC+HASR (50 mg/kg)	24.34 ± 0.49^*a	2.48 ± 0.1^*a	0.83 ± 0.02^*a	3.26 ± 0.05^*a	1.24 ± 0.07^*a	29.83 ± 1.19^*a	45.23
EAC+HASR(100 mg/kg)	21.7 ± 0.42^*a	1.34 ± 0.04^*a	0.22 ± 0.01^*a	1.36 ± 0.05^*a	2.96 ± 0.05^*a	36.08 ± 1.75^*a	72.04
EAC+5-F uracil (20 mg/kg)	19.79 ± 0.7^*a	0.35 ± 0.01^*a	-	0.84 ± 0.03^*a	3.46 ± 0.04^*a	41.43 ± 1.74^*a	103.82

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 6); ^#EAC control group versus normal saline group; ^*All treated groups versus EAC control group; ^ap <0.001.

Table 2.  Effect of HASR on hematological parameters in EAC bearing mice.

Groups	Hb content (g%)	RBC (cells × 10^6/mm^3)	WBC (cells × 10^3/mm^3)	Differential count
				Monocyte (%)	Lymphocyte (%)	Neutrophil (%)
Normal saline (5 mL/kg)	11.22 ± 0.47	4.58 ± 0.45	3.88 ± 0.31	1.93 ± 0.06	76.5 ± 1.17	18.0 ± 0.96
EAC control (2 × 10^6 cells/mouse)	7.11 ± 0.24^#a	2.15 ± 0.13^#a	5.57 ± 1.16^#a	1.33 ± 0.11^#a	32.66 ± 0.71^#a	66.83 ± 1.22^#a
EAC + HASR(50 mg/kg)	8.97 ± 0.63^*b	2.97 ± 1.06^*b	4.42 ± 1.28^*a	1.75 ± 0.04^*b	59.16 ± 2.52^*a	38.33 ± 1.05^*a
EAC + HASR(100 mg/kg)	9.84 ± 0.36^*a	3.76 ± 0.84^*a	3.5 ± 0.49^*a	1.9 ± 0.07^*a	72.0 ± 2.93^*a	21.16 ± 1.07^*a
EAC + 5-F uracil(20 mg/kg)	10.71 ± 0.84^*a	3.95 ± 0.43^*a	3.93 ± 0.31^*a	1.91 ± 0.08^*a	75.83 ± 1.53^*a	20.5 ± 0.88^*a

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 6), ^#EAC control group versus normal saline group; ^*all treated groups versus EAC control group; ^ap <0.001; ^bp <0.05.

Table 3.  Effect of HASR on serum biochemical parameters in EAC bearing mice.

Groups	SGOT (IU/L)	SGPT (IU/L)	SALP (IU/L)	Total protein (mg/dL)	Bilirubin (mg/dL)
Normal saline (5 mL/kg)	37.16 ± 2.44	27.5 ± 2.23	78.0 ± 5.87	8.78 ± 0.49	0.88 ± 0.09
EAC control (2 × 10^6 cells/mouse)	72.0 ± 2.92^#a	65.0 ± 3.5^#a	122.0 ± 2.98^#a	5.65 ± 0.11^#a	2.6 ± 0.12^#a
EAC + HASR (50 mg/kg)	41.0 ± 4.06^*a	37.06 ± 2.73^*a	92.0 ± 3.32^*a	6.94 ± 0.01^*b	1.8 ± 0.08^*a
EAC + HASR (100 mg/kg)	32.35 ± 2.17^*a	37.38 ± 1.62^*a	81.0 ± 3.31^*a	8.39 ± 0.15^*a	1.42 ± 0.09^*a
EAC + 5-F uracil (20 mg/kg)	32.66 ± 2.34^*a	33.66 ± 3.28^*a	72.0 ± 2.52^*a	8.56 ± 0.2^*a	0.96 ± 0.06^*a

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 6); ^#EAC control group versus normal saline group; ^*all treated groups versus EAC control group; ^ap <0.001; ^bp <0.05.

Table 4.  Effect of HASR on lipid peroxidation in EAC bearing mice.

Treatment	MDA (µM/g of wet liver tissue)
Normal saline (5 mL/kg)	165 ± 0.03
EAC control (2 × 10^6 cells/mouse)	502 ± 0.06 ^#, a
EAC + HASR (50 mg/kg)	157 ± 0.01^*, a
EAC + HASR (100 mg/kg)	145 ± 0.04^*, a
EAC + 5-FU (20 mg/kg)	279 ± 0.03^*, a

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 6); ^#EAC control group versus normal saline group; *all treated groups versus EAC control group; ^ap <0.001.

Table 5.  Effect of HASR on reduced glutathione (GSH) level in EAC bearing mice.

Treatment	GSH (µg/g of wet liver tissue)
Normal saline (5 mL/kg)	29 ± 0.56
EAC control (2 × 10^6 cells/mouse)	8 ± 0.64^#a
EAC + HASR (50 mg/kg)	13 ± 0.26^*b
EAC + HASR (100 mg/kg)	26.5 ± 0.73^*a
EAC + 5-FU (20 mg/kg)	26.5 ± 0.16^*a

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 6), ^#EAC control group versus normal group; *all treated groups versus EAC control group; ^ap <0.001; ^bp <0.05.

Table 6.  Effect of HASR on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in EAC bearing mice.

Treatment	SOD (IU/mg of wet liver tissue)
Normal saline (5 mL/kg)	7.9 ± 0.27
EAC control (2 × 10^6 cells/mouse)	3.7 ± 0.2^#a
EAC + HASR (50 mg/kg)	5.2 ± 0.34^*b
EAC + HASR (100 mg/kg)	6.2 ± 0.52^*a
EAC + 5-FU (20 mg/kg)	6.4 ± 0.68^*a

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 6); ^#EAC control group versus normal group; *all treated groups versus EAC control group; ^ap <0.001; ^bp <0.05.

Table 7.  Effect of HASR on catalase (CAT) activity in EAC bearing mice.

Treatment	CAT (IU/min/mg of wet tissue)
Normal saline (5 mL/kg)	36.5 ± 0.11
EAC control (2 × 10^6 cells/mouse)	8.5 ± 0.17^#a
EAC + HASR (50 mg/kg)	16 ± 0.33^*b
EAC + HASR (100 mg/kg)	29 ± 0.25^*a
EAC + 5-FU (20 mg/kg)	29 ± 0.12^*, a

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 6), ^#EAC control group versus normal group; *all treated groups versus EAC control group; ^ap <0.001; ^bp <0.05.