Effect of flavonoids from Prosthechea michuacana on carbon tetrachloride induced acute hepatotoxicity in mice

Figures & data

Table 1.  Fractions obtained during the bio-fractionation of methanol extract of Prosthechea michuacana.

No.	Name	Elution	Main compound
1	FIII-1-1	E1
2	FIII-1-2	E1
3	FIII-1-3	E1 E2
4	FIII-1-4	E1
5	FIII-1-5	E1
6	FIII-1-6	E1
7	FIII-1-3-1	E1 E2
8	FIII-1-3-2	E1 E2 E3	1, 2, 3
9	FIII-1-3-3	E1 E2
10	FIII-1-3-4-1	TLC	4
11	FIII-1-3-4-2	TLC
12	FIII-1-3-4-3	TLC	5
13	FIII-1-3-4-4	TLC
14	FIII-1-3-4-5	TLC

E1, ethyl ether/ethyl acetate (7:1); E2, chloroform/ethyl ether (6:2); E3, hexane/chloroform/methanol (2:7:1); TLC, preparative TLC.

TLC, thin-layer chromatography.

Table 2.  Hepatic protection of scutellarein 6-methyl ether (1), apigenin-7-neohesperidoside (4) and apigenin-6-O-β-d-glucopyranosil-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (5) from Prosthechea michuacana on TB (total bilirubin level) and TSP (total protein) in CCl₄-induced liver injury in mice.

Group	TB (U/L, units/L)	TSP(mg%)
Control	0.70 ± 0.27	9.54 ± 1.30
CCl4	4.12 ± 0.43*	5.73 ± 2.13*
1+ CCl4	2.16 ± 0.87*** (47)	7.84 ± 1.76*** (+37)
4 + CCl4	2.03 ± 0.81*** (51)	8.24 ± 1.09*** (+43)
5 + CCl4	2.29 ± 0.73*** (44)	7.20 ± 1.62*** (+26)
Sylimarin + CCl4	1.26 ± 0.34*** (69)	8.61 ± 3.23*** (+50)

Values in parenthesis represents percentage reduction.

Each value represents the mean ± SEM, n = 5.

*p < 0.05 significantly different values from CCl₄ group.

**p <0.01 significantly different values from control group.

Table 3.  Hepatoprotective effects of scutellarein 6-methyl ether (1), apigenin-7-neohesperidoside (4) and apigenin-6-O-β-d-glucopyranosil-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (5) from Prosthechea michuacana on AST (aspartate transaminase), ALT (alanine transaminase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) and TBARS (lipid peroxidation) in mice intoxicated with CCl₄.

Group	U/L (units/L)			nmol MDA/mg protein
	AST	ALT	ALP	LDH	TBARS
Control	96.72 ± 2.83	40.2 ± 1.67	102.4 ± 0.65	24.83 ± 2.79	1.2 ± 1.45
CCl4	295 ± 1.65^a	369.6 ± 5.43^a	238.9 ± 1.02^a	58.34 ± 2.16^a	3.8 ± 3.90^a
1+ CCl4	139 ± 3.64^ab (53)	167.5 ± 1.87^ab (54)	168.3 ± 0.18^ab (30)	35.21 ± 1.49^ab (40)	2.3 ± 2.46^ab (39)
4 + CCl4	118.3 ± 3.27^ab (60)	150.5 ± 1.58^ab (59)	146.4 ± 0.45^ab (39)	33.01 ± 1.50^ab (43)	2.0 ± 1.65^ab (47)
5 + CCl4	155.0 ± 2.78^ab (47)	179.5 ± 1.95^ab (51)	180.2 ± 0.87^ab (25)	37.59 ± 1.83^ab (35.6)	2.6 ± 2.01^ab (32)
Sylimarin + CCl4	87.1 ± 4.52^ab (70)	124.7 ± 2.54^ab (66)	115.5 ± 0.27^ab (55)	26.52 ± 1.54^ab (54.6)	1.6 ± 1.98^ab (58)

Values in parenthesis represents percentage reduction.

Each value represents the mean ± SEM, n = 6.

^aAs compared with the normal saline (control).

^bAs compared with the CCl₄ only group.

Figure 1.  Structures of compounds 1–5, and major HMBC correlation observed in 5.