Lycopene attenuates endothelial dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by reducing oxidative stress

Figures & data

Table 1.  Body weight and biochemical parameters in various groups.

	CON	DM	DM + LYCO(10)	DM + LYCO(30)	DM + LYCO(60)	CON + LYCO(60)
Initial body weight (g)	211.9 ± 7.4	213.8 ± 10.2	220.5 ± 11.0	216.3 ± 8.9	214.4 ± 9.4	214.8 ± 8.1
Final body weight (g)	389.2 ± 33.3	183.7 ± 9.6^a	229.5 ± 12.8^a,b	280.8 ± 17.4^a,b	325.6 ± 23.6^a,b	385.7 ± 36.0
Blood glucose (mM)	5.56 ± 0.89	19.36 ± 1.88^a	17.63 ± 2.04^a	13.29 ± 1.53^a,b	8.72 ± 1.08^a,b	5.49 ± 0.98
Total cholesterol (mM)	0.76 ± 0.13	1.16 ± 0.14^a	1.09 ± 0.13^a	0.96 ± 0.10	0.95 ± 0.09	0.73 ± 0.08
Triglycerides (mM)	0.56 ± 0.06	1.12 ± 0.13^a	1.10 ± 0.12^a	1.00 ± 0.08^a	0.92 ± 0.11^a	0.55 ± 0.08
HDL-C (mM)	0.60 ± 0.08	0.47 ± 0.11	0.55 ± 0.12	0.56 ± 0.09	0.63 ± 0.10	0.66 ± 0.10
LDL-C (mM)	0.28 ± 0.04	0.47 ± 0.08^a	0.45 ± 0.10^a	0.42 ± 0.07^a	0.36 ± 0.05	0.27 ± 0.03
Ox-LDL (μg/dL)	2.02 ± 0.39	4.31 ± 0.62^a	3.48 ± 0.54^a	3.16 ± 0.45^a,b	2.38 ± 0.20^b	2.11 ± 0.16

HDL-C = High-density lipoprotein–cholesterol; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol; Ox-LDL = oxidized low-density lipoprotein; CON = control; DM = diabetes mellitus; LYCO = lycopene-treated; mM = mmol/L.

All values are mean ± SEM; n = 6 rats in all groups.

^aP < 0.05 versus CON group.

^bP < 0.05 versus DM group.

Figure 1.  Effect of different doses of lycopene ACh-induced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation (A) and SNP-induced endothelium-independent vasorelaxation (B) in thoracic aortic rings in the presence of indomethacin. Relaxation responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were expressed as a percentage of relative to phenylephrine (PE)-induced submaximal constriction. All data are mean ± SEM; n = 6 rats in all groups. ^aP < 0.01 versus control (CON) group, ^bP < 0.01 versus diabetic mellitus (DM) group, and ^cP < 0.05 versus DM group.

Figure 2.  Effect of different doses of lycopene on malondialdehyde (MDA) content (A) and superoxidase dismutase (SOD) activity (B) in aorta. All data are mean ± SEM; n = 6 rats in all groups. (A) ^aP < 0.01 versus control (CON) group, ^bP < 0.05 versus diabetic mellitus (DM) group, and ^cP < 0.01 versus DM group. (B) ^aP < 0.01 versus CON group, ^bP < 0.05 versus CON group, and ^cP < 0.01 versus DM group.

Figure 3.  Effect of different doses of lycopene on nitric oxide (NO) levels (A), constitutive NOS (cNOS) activity (B), and inducible NOS (iNOS) activity (C) in aorta. All data are mean ± SEM; n = 6 rats in all groups. (A) ^aP < 0.01 versus control (CON) group, ^bP < 0.05 versus CON group, and ^cP < 0.01 versus diabetic mellitus (DM) group. (B) ^aP < 0.01 versus CON group, ^bP < 0.05 versus CON group, ^cP < 0.05 versus DM group, and ^dP < 0.01 versus DM group. (C) ^aP < 0.01 versus CON group, ^bP < 0.05 versus CON group, and ^cP < 0.01 versus DM group.