Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort: A review of chemistry and pharmacology

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Chemical structure of main compounds from Ligusticum chuanxiong.

Table 1.  Compounds isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong.

Kind	Compound name	Plant parts
Essential oil	Ligustilide (Wu et al., 2011)	Rhizome
	Cnidilid	Rhizome
	Neocnidilide	Rhizome
	Senkyunolid	Rhizome
	3-Butyl phthalide	Rhizome
	Butylidenephthalide (Wu et al., 2011)	Rhizome
	Sabinene	Rhizome
	α-Firpene	Rhizome
	Myrcene	Rhizome
Alkaloids	Chuanxiongzine	Rhizome
	Pelolyfine	Rhizome
	Anhydride	Rhizome
	1-β-Ethyl acrylate-7-carboxy-carboline	Rhizome
	1-Acetyl-β-carboline	Rhizome
	Valine anhydride	Rhizome
	Trimethylamine	Rhizome
	Choline	Rhizome
	Uracil	Rhizome
	Adenine	Rhizome
	Adenosine	Rhizome
	Scopoletin (Ren et al., 2007a)	Aerial parts
Phenolic acids	Ferulic acid	Rhizome
	Sedanonic acid	Rhizome
	Chrysophanol	Rhizome
	4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenylethylene	Rhizome
	1-Hydroxyl-1-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethanol	Rhizome
	4-Hydroxybenzoic acid	Rhizome
	Caffeic acid	Rhizome
	Vanillic acid	Rhizome
	Protocatechuic acid	Rhizome
	Linoleic acid	Rhizome
	Palmitic acid	Rhizome
	5,5′-double-O-methyl furfural	Rhizome
	n-Hexadecanoic (Wang et al., 2002)	Rhizome
	Protocatechuic acid (Ren et al. 2007a)	Rhizome, aerial parts
	Caffeic acid (Ren et al. 2007a)	Rhizome, aerial parts
	4-Pentylcyclohex-3-ene-1α,2β-diol (Chang et al., 2009)	Rhizome
Phthalide lactones	Ligustilide (Wu et al., 2011)	Rhizome
	Neoligustilide	Rhizome
	Senkyunolide	Rhizome
	3-Butyl phthalide	Rhizome
	Butylidenephthalide (Wu et al., 2011)	Rhizome
	4-Hydroxy-3-butyl phthalide	Rhizome
	3-Butyl-3-hydroxyl-4,5-dihydrophthalide	Rhizome
	4,7-Dihydroxy-3-butyl phthalide (Wang et al. 2002)	Rhizome
	Senkyunolide B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S	Rhizome
	Ligustilide glycol	Rhizome
	Z,Z´-6,6’-7,3’α-Diligustiide (Xiao et al., 2002)	Rhizome
	Z-6,8’,7,3’-Diligustilide (Xiao et al., 2002)	Rhizome
	Z´-3,8-Dihydro-6,6′,7,3′α-diligustilide (Xiao et al., 2002)	Rhizome
	Chuanxiongnolide A (Li et al., 2006)	Rhizome
	Chuanxiongnolide B (Li et al., 2006)	Rhizome
	Ligusticoside A (Chang et al. 2009)	Rhizome
Other constituents	Spathulenol	Rhizome
	β-Sitosterol	Rhizome
	Sucrose	Rhizome
	A glycerin ester (contained two linoleic acids and a palmitic acid)	Rhizome
	5-Methylol-6-endo-3′-methoxy-4’-hydroxyphenyl-8-ox-bis-(3, 2, 1)-octa-ene-2-ketone	Rhizome
	Senkyunon	Rhizome
	Xiongterpene (Xiao et al. 2002)	Rhizome
	(4S)-p-Menth-1-ene4,7-diol (Chang et al., 2007)	Rhizome
	Aromadendrane-4α, 10β-diol (Chang et al., 2007)	Rhizome
	Aromadendrane-4β, 10α-diol (Chang et al., 2007)	Rhizome
	Aromadendrane-4β, 10β-diol (Chang et al., 2007)	Rhizome
	Augustic acid (Chang et al., 2007)	Rhizome
	Apigenin (Ren et al. 2007)	Aerial parts
	Quercetin (Ren et al. 2007)	Aerial parts
	Cosmosiin (Ren et al. 2007)	Aerial parts
Kind	Compound name	Plant parts
	Kaempferol-3-O-β-glucopyranosid (Ren et al. 2007)	Aerial parts
	Glucose (Ren et al. 2007)	Aerial parts
	Alloaromadendrane-4β,10α,13,15-tetrol (Miao et al., 2010)	Rhizome

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