Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effect of Santalum album in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Oral glucose tolerance test of Santalum album oil and metformin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

 0 min,

 60 min, □ 120 min, ▪ 180 min, Values are mean ± SD; n = 6. * The difference between treated and diabetic control group is significant at P < 0.05 at each specific time.

Table 1.  Effect of Santalum album oil and metformin on body weight during treatment for 60 days.

Weeks	Weight in grams
	Normal control	Diabetic control	Diabetic + Santalum album oil 10 µg/kg	Diabetic + metformin 30 mg /kg
Week 1	200 ± 20	200 ± 20	200 ± 15	200 ± 20
Week 2	240 ± 15	180 ± 18	190 ± 17	180 ± 15
Week 3	270 ± 20	170 ± 15	180 ± 20	160 ± 17
Week 4	310 ± 17	150 ± 10	150 ± 16	160 ± 10**
Week 5	330 ± 14	150 ± 20	160 ± 18**	140 ± 20
Week 6	350 ± 20	130 ± 15	170 ± 20**	140 ± 15*
Week 7	370 ± 16	120 ± 17	180 ± 20**	130 ± 10*

Values are mean ± SD; n = 6. *The difference between treated and diabetic control values is significant at P < 0.05, ** The difference between treated and diabetic control values is significant at P < 0.005.

Table 2.  In vivo effect of Santalum album oil and metformin on glycosylated Hb and blood glucose level after treatment for 60 days.

Sr. No.	Groups	Glycosylated Hb in %	Blood glucose (mg/dL)
1.	Normal control	05.8 ± 0.3	80 ± 5.3
2.	Diabetic control	13.4 ± 0.4	323.7 ± 18.6
3.	Diabetic + Santalum album oil(10 µg/kg)	08.3 ± 0.2*	140.5 ± 15.8*
4.	Diabetic + Metformin (30 mg/kg)	15.6 ± 0.8*	285 ± 20.5*

Values are mean ± SD; n = 6. *The difference between treated and diabetic control values is significant at P < 0.005.

Table 3.  In vivo effect of Santalum album oil and metformin on serum lipid profile level after treatment for 60 days.

	Normal rat	Diabetic rat	Diabetic+ Santalum album oil (10 µg/kg twice daily)	% Change (compare to diabetic rats)	Diabetic + metformin 30 mg/kg twice daily	% Change(compare to diabetic rats)
Total cholesterol(mg/dl)	70.93 ± 3.5	75.30 ± 2.6	58.15 ± 3.2*	↓ 22	67.40 ± 3.0*	↓ 11
Total triglyceride (mg/dl)	73.53 ± 10.2	157.33 ± 11.2	89.48 ± 2.4*	↓ 44	133.34 ± 4.0*	↓ 15
HDL (mg/dl)	53.0 ± 3.3	28.20 ± 2.7	41.69 ± 5.2*	↑ 18	30.31 ± 0.10	↑ 7
LDL (mg/dl)	14.73 ± 0.3	28.50 ± 4.5	19.56 ± 2.2*	↓ 43	20.14 ± 1.5*	↓ 29
VLDL (mg/dl)	14.70 ± 2.0	31.47 ± 2.2	17.89 ± 1.7*	↓ 43	30.73 ± 1.1	↓ 2
Plasma Insulin (µIU)	12.50 ± 1.5	4.50 ± 2.0	6.00 ± 1.3	↑ 33	5.4 ± 0.3	↑ 20
Atherogenic index (%)	133	267	139	↓ 36	222	↑ 2

Values are mean ± SD; n = 6. * The difference between treated and diabetic control values is significant at P < 0.005.

Figure 2.  Reverse phase HPLC profiling of Santalum album pet ether fraction at 270 nm.