Continuous exercise training and curcumin attenuate changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and oxidative stress induced by lead acetate in the hippocampus of male rats

Figures & data

Table 1.  Effectiveness of the 8-week training and supplementation protocols on body mass, brain mass and brain-body mass ratio in rats chronically exposed to lead acetate.

Markers	SH	L	TL	CL	TCL
Body mass (g)	341 ± 33^a	306 ± 33	328 ± 20^a	322 ± 22	343 ± 34^a
Brain mass (g)	1.738 ± 0.149	1.618 ± 0.192	1.765 ± 0.209	1.723 ± 0.101	1.794 ± 0.185
Brain-bodymass ratio	0.0051 ± 0.005	0.0053 ± 0.006	0.0049 ± 0.011	0.0054 ± 0.005	0.0052 ± 0.054

Values are means ± standard deviation for eight rats.

CL, (Curcumin + Lead); SH, (Sham); L, (Lead); TL, (Training + Lead); TCL, (Training + Curcumin + Lead) groups.

^aSignificant compared with lead acetate group.

Table 2.  Effect of exercise training and curcumin on BDNF, TAC, and MDA in plasma and hippocampus levels in lead-induced rats (mean ± SEM for eight rats).

Group	BDNF hippocampus (ng/ml pro.)	TAC plasma (μ mol/mL)	MDA hippocampus (nmol/mg pro.)	MDA plasma (nmol/mg pro.)
Sham	1.80 ± 0.65	385.75 ± 8.90	0.34 ± 0.27	26.82 ± 2.85
Lead	1.54 ± 0.2	279.86 ± 18.33	0.54 ± 0.12	46.09 ± 9.22
Training + lead	2.71 ± 1.66	411.75 ± 13.87	0.45 ± 0.16	18.41 ± 3.28
Curcumin + lead	2.24 ± 1.29	411.71 ± 14.81	0.43 ± 0.11	35.83 ± 6.49
Curcumin + training + lead	2.99 ± 1.83	450.37 ± 19.74	0.37 ± 0.13	13.36 ± 2.54

BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; MDA, malondialdehyde; TAC, total antioxidant capacity.

Figure 1.  The brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration in hippocampus in rats chronically exposed to lead acetate. Values are means ± SD. SH, (Sham); L, (Lead); TL, (Training + Lead); CL, (Curcumin + Lead); TCL, (Training + Curcumin + Lead) groups. Statistical significance p < 0.05: *Significant than sham group, #Significant than lead group.

Figure 2.  Concentration of total antioxidant capacity in plasma in rats chronically exposed to lead acetate. Values are means ± SD; SH, (Sham); L, (Lead); TL, (Training + Lead); CL, (Curcumin + Lead); TCL, (Training + Curcumin + Lead) groups. Statistical significance p < 0.05: *Significant than sham group, #Significant than lead group.

Figure 3.  Concentration of the hippocampus malondialdehyde (MDA) in rats chronically exposed to lead acetate. Values are means ± SD; SH, (Sham); L, (Lead); TL, (Training + Lead); CL, (Curcumin + Lead); TCL, (Training + Curcumin + Lead) groups. Statistical significance p < 0.05; *Significantly than sham group.

Figure 4.  Concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma in rats chronically exposed to lead acetate. Values are means ± SD; SH, (Sham); L, (Lead); TL, (Training + Lead); CL, (Curcumin + Lead); TCL, (Training + Curcumin + Lead) groups. Statistical significance p < 0.05; *Significant than sham group, #Significant than lead group.